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目的观察母孕期及哺乳期不同含量n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)饲料对成年期仔鼠脑神经细胞凋亡的影响。方法使用6~8 w龄清洁级C57BL/6J雌性小鼠,随机分为5组,每组10只,分别给予n-3 PUFAs缺乏和3种不同比例n-6/n-3 PUFAs(n-6/n-3 PUFAs比值分别为15∶1、5∶1、1∶1)饲料及1种高含量鱼油n-3 PUFAs饲料(n-6/n-3 PUFAs比值为1∶5)喂养。小鼠12~14 w龄时雌雄合笼交配繁殖,仔鼠断乳后继续行母鼠相同饲料喂养,选取生后3 m成年仔鼠用于实验。取脑进行组织固定,采用免疫组织化学技术对脑组织海马区Bcl-2和Ba X表达进行定量分析。结果与n-3 PUFAs缺乏组相比,n-3 PUFAs饲料喂养组,尤其是n-6/n-3 PUFAs比值(5∶1)和(1∶1)组小鼠海马CA3区神经细胞抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2表达明显增加(P<0.05),而致凋亡蛋白Bax表达则显著降低(P<0.05)。但高含量鱼油n-3 PUFAs喂养组(即n-6/n-3PUFAs 1∶5组)与n-3 PUFAs缺乏组相比未表现出显著性差异。结论孕期及哺乳期添加n-3PUFAs,尤其是n-6/n-3 PUFAs比值在5~1∶1之间时有助于减少成年仔鼠脑组织神经细胞凋亡的发生,而过高含量n-3 PUFAs摄入则未对脑凋亡发生起到积极作用。
Objective To observe the effect of different levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFAs) feed during pregnancy and lactation on the apoptosis of neural cells in adulthood of offspring. Methods Female C57BL / 6J mice aged 6 ~ 8 w were randomly divided into 5 groups with 10 mice in each group, and were given n-3 PUFAs deficiency and 3 different proportions of n-6 / n- 6 / n-3 PUFAs ratios of 15: 1, 5: 1 and 1: 1, respectively) and 1 high feed of fish oil n-3 PUFAs (n-6 / n-3 PUFAs ratio 1: 5). The mice were intercropped with male and female cages at 12-14 weeks of age. The offspring of the offspring continued to feed the same females after weaning, and 3-year-old adult offspring were selected for experiment. The brain tissue was fixed and the expression of Bcl-2 and Ba X in hippocampus of brain tissue was quantitatively analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with n-3 PUFAs deficient group, n-3 PUFAs diet group, especially n-6 / n-3 PUFAs ratio (5:1) The expression of Bcl-2 was significantly increased (P <0.05), while the expression of apoptotic protein Bax was significantly decreased (P <0.05). However, no significant differences were observed between the high-fat fish oil n-3 PUFAs fed group (n = 1 to 5 n-6 / n-3 PUFAs) and the n-3 PUFAs deficient group. Conclusions The addition of n-3 PUFAs, especially n-6 / n-3 PUFAs, during pregnancy and lactation may reduce the neuronal apoptosis in the adult rat offspring when the ratio of PUFAs is between 5 and 1: 1. However, n-3 PUFAs intake did not play a positive role in brain apoptosis.