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目的了解肺炎链球菌的耐药特点。方法回顾性分析2013年-2014年临床分离肺炎链球菌的分布及其耐药性。结果 218株肺炎链球菌主要分离自呼吸道标本,其次为血液和脑脊液标本。青霉素耐药肺炎链球菌(PRSP)在儿童及成人组中的检出率分别为59.4%(57/96)和32.0%(39/122),儿童组高于成人组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。非侵袭性和侵袭性标本来源PRSP分别占50.8%(90/177)和14.6%(6/41),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。肺炎链球菌对大环内酯类抗生素、克林霉素、四环素及复方新诺明的耐药率较高,未发现头孢吡肟、左氧氟沙星和万古霉素耐药菌株。结论大环内酯类抗生素已不适宜作为肺炎链球菌呼吸道感染的一线经验用药。不同人群、不同标本来源分离的肺炎链球菌对青霉素的耐药性存在差异。
Objective To understand the drug resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Methods The clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae and their drug resistance were retrospectively analyzed from 2013 to 2014. Results 218 strains of S. pneumoniae were mainly isolated from respiratory specimens, followed by blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples. The detection rates of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRSP) in children and adults were 59.4% (57/96) and 32.0% (39/122), respectively, which were significantly higher in children than in adults P <0.01). The PRSP of non-invasive and invasive specimens accounted for 50.8% (90/177) and 14.6% (6/41) respectively, with statistical significance (P <0.01). Streptococcus pneumoniae macrolide antibiotics, clindamycin, tetracycline and cotrimoxazole higher resistance rates, did not find the cefepime, levofloxacin and vancomycin-resistant strains. Conclusion Macrolide antibiotics are not suitable as first-line experience of respiratory infection of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Different populations, different specimens of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from penicillin resistance differences.