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绿色发展是我国经济健康稳定发展长期坚持的理念。目前环境状况日益恶化,生态环境问题已成为我国经济快速发展中非常突出的难题。这与中国的财政政策和地方政府官员的晋升机制密切相关。本文采用了2002~2014年的数据,利用超效率模型计算“生态效率”这一可持续发展指标,利用空间SDM模型研究财政分权、地方政府竞争对生态效率的影响。实证结果表明,在纳入财政分权因素后,地方政府的过度竞争对区域生态效率有显著的负向影响。区域生态效率不仅受本地区财政分权程度和地方政府竞争的影响,还受周边地区生态效率及其解释变量的影响。因此,在改革现行的财政制度和地方政府官员的晋升机制的基础上,充分发挥地方政府竞争的示范和溢出效应,实现跨区域的经济和环境治理合作达到互利共赢。
Green development is the long-standing principle of our country’s healthy and stable economic development. At present, the environmental conditions are deteriorating day by day, and the ecological environment has become a very prominent problem in the rapid economic development of our country. This is closely related to China’s fiscal policy and the promotion mechanism of local government officials. In this paper, the data of 2002 ~ 2014 are used to calculate the sustainable development index of “eco-efficiency” by using the super-efficiency model and the spatial SDM model to study the impact of fiscal decentralization and local government competition on eco-efficiency. Empirical results show that after the fiscal decentralization is included, over-competition of local governments has a significant negative impact on the regional eco-efficiency. Regional eco-efficiency is affected not only by the degree of fiscal decentralization and local government competition in the region, but also by the eco-efficiency and explanatory variables in the surrounding areas. Therefore, on the basis of reforming the current fiscal system and the promotion mechanism of local government officials, we should give full play to the demonstration and spillover effects of competition among local governments so as to achieve mutually beneficial and win-win cooperation in economic and environmental governance across regions.