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宋朝重用文士的国策和内忧外患的国势,大大强化了士大夫自任以天下之重的入世精神,使其维护国家和民族利益的社会责任感和历史使命感得到了充分的展示和前所未有的张扬。他们在社会实践中所表现出来的忠于国家社稷、事君不以私的忠之观念,先忧后乐的忧患意识,以及关心民生、为民请命的民本思想,已突破了历史上大多数士大夫以忠于君主、捍卫一家一姓利益为宗旨的局限,而表现出对国家民族利益和广大民众忧乐的终极关怀。
The Song national rejuvenation of the scholar’s national policy and internal and external problems have greatly enhanced the sense of social responsibility and historical mission of the scholar-officials to give full play to the unprecedented interests of the world and safeguard their national and national interests. Their ideas of loyalty to the country, misconceptions of selfishness, the sense of hardship that worries them first and forefathers, as well as the people-oriented thought of caring for people’s livelihood and making people’s pleas for them have broken through the history of most scholar-officials To loyalty to the monarch and defend the interests of one family name for the purpose of the limitations, but showed the ultimate concern for national interests and the general public concern.