70年代以来,随着空间技术和载人航天事业的进步,作为空间科学重要前沿领域的微重力科学得到了迅速发展。80年代中,从中科院力学所科技队伍中脱颖而出一支先锋队,他们选择了微重力流体物理研究方向,从而成为我国微重力科学研究领域的重要开创者之一。在地面上,物质运动受到重力的制约,浮力、密度分层控制着诸多流体的对流、传热和传质过程。在空间飞行器中,残余重力水平仅为地面重力水平的百分之一到千万分之一,甚至更低。由于力学环境的改变,流体的动力学平衡、流动和不稳定性、流体的非线性特性、转捩过程及混沌结构等会出现许多新的现象,导致通常被重力效应掩盖的其他流体力学效应起主导作用。探索其中的规律与机理不仅对发展力学学科有重要科学意义,而且对空间材料制备、晶体生长、细胞与生物组织培养以及空间飞行器流体介质的运动与管理等实用技术、工艺 Since the 1970s, with advances in space technology and manned space undertakings, microgravity science, which is an important frontier in space science, has been rapidly developed. In the 1980s, a pioneer team emerged from the scientific team of mechanistic institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences. They chose microgravity fluid physics research direction and became one of the important pioneers in the field of microgravity science in our country. On the ground, the movement of matter is controlled by gravity. Buoyancy and density stratification control the convection, heat transfer and mass transfer of many fluids. In spacecraft, the residual gravity level is only one percent to one millionth or less of the ground gravity level. Due to the change of the mechanical environment, many new phenomena such as dynamic balance, flow and instability of fluids, nonlinear characteristics of fluid, transition process and chaos structure, etc. will lead to many other hydrodynamic effects that are usually masked by gravity effects Leading role. The exploration of the laws and mechanisms is of great scientific significance not only for the development of mechanical disciplines but also practical techniques such as space material preparation, crystal growth, cell and biological tissue culture and the movement and management of space vehicle fluid media,