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对空间站长时间轨道任务规划问题,综合考虑飞船访问对空间站轨道方案的影响,以及目标调相、飞船返回调整、对地观测瞄准等任务之间的相互影响,建立统一规划模型,提出两层优化方法进行求解.上层优化问题以访问飞船的发射时间为设计变量,考虑站上资源补给、航天员轮换需求及交会对接发射窗口等约束条件,采用遗传算法求解.下层优化问题以各个轨道任务的机动时间与冲量为设计变量,推导了考虑J2摄动的相位角调整解析公式,并以此为基础构造了高效迭代求解策略.仿真结果表明:建立的空间站长时间轨道任务规划模型是有效的,提出的两层优化方法可以获得满足飞船访问、目标调相、返回调整、对地观测等多个任务约束的推进剂优化解.
Considering the long-orbit task planning of space station, considering the influence of spacecraft’s visit on the orbital scheme of space station, and the interaction between target phase modulation, spacecraft return adjustment and earth observation and sighting, the unified planning model is established and two layers of optimization Method to solve.The upper layer optimization problem takes the launch time of the spacecraft as a design variable and adopts the genetic algorithm to solve the constraints such as resource replenishment, astronaut rotation requirements and rendezvous and docking launch window, etc. The lower-layer optimization problem takes the maneuver of each orbit mission Time and impulse as design variables, the phase angle adjustment analytical formula considering J2 perturbation is deduced, and based on which, a highly efficient iterative solution strategy is constructed.The simulation results show that the established long-time orbit mission planning model of space station is effective, The two-layer optimization method can obtain the optimal solution of propellant to meet the multiple mission constraints of spacecraft visit, target phase modulation, return adjustment, earth observation and so on.