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为了解不同地理群体的生长发育情况,对中国对虾黄渤海水域乳山湾群体和朝鲜半岛南海群体及其杂交子一代的生长发育情况和存活率进行了研究,测量了4月龄和5月龄中国对虾的体长、头胸甲长、头胸甲宽、第2和3腹节高、第2和3腹节宽、体重和存活率共7个指标,计算了各项指标的杂种优势率,并对各性状进行了方差分析和多重比较.结果发现,4月龄的杂交子一代在各项指标都表现出一定范围的杂种优势(0.514%~14.95%),YP♀×KN♂杂交子一代在这7个指标中都高于KN♀×YP♂杂交子一代.5月龄杂交子一代也表现出一定程度的杂种优势,其范围在?9.000%~19.090%之间,但头胸甲长、第2和3腹节处高和存活率3个指标出现杂种劣势.不同杂交组合各个阶段生长发育情况和存活率在杂种优势表现出一定的规律.随着月龄的增加,KN♀×YP♂杂交子一代杂种优势率有所增加,而YP♀×KN♂杂交子一代的却有所降低.ANOVA分析结果表明,杂交子一代在存活率指标上与双亲差异不显著.4月龄的数据分析结果发现,F1子一代在第2和3腹节处宽和体重2个指标上存在显著差异.LSD多重比较结果显示,YP♀×KN♂杂交子一代在体重指标上与2个亲本存在显著差异,在第2、3腹节处宽与其他3个组合的子一代差异显著.5月龄的数据分析结果发现,F1子一代除体重存在显著差异外,其他各项指标差异均不显著.LSD多重比较结果表明KN♀×YP♂杂交子一代体重与其亲本KN存在显著差异.实验结果表明,中国对虾2个群体杂交子一代在生长指标和存活率上存在一定程度的杂种优势.
In order to understand the growth and development of different geographic groups, the growth and survival rates of the Rushanwan population in the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea, the South China Sea and the hybrid generation of the Korean Peninsula were studied, and the effects of 4-month-old and 5-month- The shrimp body length, carapace length, carapace width, 2 and 3 abdomen height, 2 and 3 abdomen width, weight and survival rate of a total of seven indicators to calculate the indicators of the heterosis rate, The variance analysis and multiple comparisons of the traits showed that the hybrid generation at 4 months showed a certain range of heterosis (0.514% ~ 14.95%), YP × KN♂ hybrid generation Among these seven indicators, they were all higher than those of the KN♀ × YP♂ hybrid generation, and the 5-month-old hybrids also showed a certain degree of heterosis, ranging from 9.000% to 19.090%, but the carapace length , Heterosis was observed in the three indicators of the height and the survival rate in the abdominal segments of segments 2 and 3. The growth and development and the survival rate in different stages of hybrid combinations showed certain rules in heterosis.With the increase of age, ♂ hybrid heterosis rate increased, and YP ♀ × KN♂ hybridization ANOVA analysis showed that the generation of hybrids with no significant difference in survival indicators with their parents.Analysis of 4-month data found that the F1 generation in the second and third abdominal section width and weight 2 There were significant differences among the three indicators.LSD multiple comparisons showed that YP♀ × KN♂ hybrids had significant differences in body weight between the two parents, The results of 5-month-old data analysis showed that there was no significant difference in other indexes except the body weight of F1 F1 generation.The results of LSD multiple comparison showed that there was significant difference between the weight of KN ♀ × YP♂ hybrids and their parents KN Differences.The experimental results show that there is a certain degree of heterosis in the growth index and survival rate of two groups of Chinese shrimp hybrids.