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脑型疟疾(下称脑疟)是指以意识障碍、昏迷为主要临床特点的凶险型疟疾。发病率为0.25～2.3%[1]。由于此型来势凶猛,病情险恶,如不及时抢救,病死率很高。疟疾的死亡病例,90%以上是由脑疟所致[1]。国内报道的脑疟中由恶性疟原虫引起的占88.3%,间日疟原虫占8.8%,恶性疟混合间日疟原虫占2.9%[2]。国外则认为几乎所有脑疟均由恶性疟原虫引起[3、4]。所谓脑型间日疟,国外学者认为缺乏病理解剖证据,只是脑水肿的结果,是否属于真性脑疟,仍有争论[1]。
Brain-type malaria (hereinafter referred to as cerebral malaria) refers to the disturbance of consciousness, coma as the main clinical features of dangerous malaria. The incidence rate of 0.25 to 2.3% [1]. Due to this type of ferocious, dangerous situation, if not rescued, the case fatality rate is high. More than 90% of malaria deaths are caused by cerebrospinal malaria [1]. Domestic reported P. falciparum caused by P. falciparum accounted for 88.3%, P. vivax 8.8%, P. falciparum mixed P. vivax 2.9% [2]. Abroad is considered almost all of the cerebral malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum [3,4]. The so-called cerebral vivax malaria, foreign scholars believe that the lack of evidence of pathological anatomy, only the result of cerebral edema, whether it is true of cerebral malaria, there are still controversial [1].