前言众所周知,在科研及工业生产中的中温阶段测温主要使用E,J,K,T四种型号金属热电偶,这一情况已延续了将近八十年。这四种热电偶是由铜,铁,镍铬及铜镍合金所组成。但是随着科学技术及工业的不断发展,特别是在现代工业生产中对温度计量的要求更加严格,既要求作为主要测温元件的热电偶能在恶劣的环境中使用又要求其 Preface As we all know, in the scientific research and industrial production in the temperature stage of the main use of E, J, K, T four types of metal thermocouples, a situation that has continued for nearly eight decades. The four thermocouples are made of copper, iron, nickel-chromium and copper-nickel alloy. However, with the continuous development of science and technology and industry, the requirements on temperature measurement, especially in modern industrial production, are stricter. It requires that the thermocouple, as the main temperature measuring element, be used in harsh environments and required