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目的通过了解湖北省郧县乙型病毒性肝炎(下称乙肝)流行病学特征,为制定防制对策提供科学依据。方法采用Excel(2003)对疫情作描述流行病学统计分析。结果 2004—2011年共报告乙肝6 896例,年均发病率为137.86/10万;总体发病率呈上升趋势(χ2=7.87,P<0.01);发病无明显的季节性,但3—8月份报告病例较多;农民所占的比例最大,15～59岁年龄组为高发人群,病例占总数的86.83%,儿童与老年人较少;男女性别发病率有较大差异(χ2=747.16,P<0.01);15岁以下人群乙肝报告发病率由2004年的47.50/10万降至2011年的14.62/10万(χ2=19.16,P<0.01)。结论各年份的乙肝报告发病率均高于全省,说明郧县乙肝防治形势严峻,今后应加强乙肝疫苗接种在内的综合防治干预措施。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B virus in Yun County, Hubei Province (hereinafter referred to as hepatitis B) and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods Epidemiological analysis of epidemic situation was conducted by Excel (2003). Results A total of 6 896 cases of hepatitis B were reported from 2004 to 2011, with an average annual incidence rate of 137.86 / 100 000. The overall incidence rate showed an upward trend (χ2 = 7.87, P <0.01). There was no obvious seasonal incidence, but from March to August Reported cases were more; peasants accounted for the largest proportion of 15 to 59 age group was high incidence of the crowd, the total number of cases accounted for 86.83%, children and the elderly less; male and female incidence rates were significantly different (χ2 = 747.16, P <0.01). The incidence of hepatitis B in people under 15 years of age dropped from 47.50 / 100,000 in 2004 to 14.62 / 100,000 in 2011 (χ2 = 19.16, P <0.01). Conclusion The incidence of hepatitis B in all years was higher than that in other provinces, indicating that the situation of prevention and treatment of hepatitis B in Yun County is serious. Comprehensive prevention and control interventions should be strengthened in the future, such as hepatitis B vaccination.