粪菌移植作为一种治疗手段,其历史可以追溯至1700多年前。近年来,粪菌移植空前发展,其在艰难梭菌感染、炎症性肠病、肠易激综合征、过敏性疾病、肥胖、孤独症谱系障碍等多种疾病中具有重要的治疗作用。该文从儿童粪菌供菌筛查、操作流程、适应证等方面进行了介绍。 Dengue transplantation as a treatment, its history can be traced back to more than 1700 years ago. In recent years, fecal bacteria transplantation has developed unprecedentedly and has an important therapeutic effect in various diseases such as C. difficile infection, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, allergic diseases, obesity, and autism spectrum disorders. This article introduced from the aspects of bacteria screening, operation procedure, indications and so on.