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欧洲葡萄(Vitis Vinifera)以其优质和对气候条件的广泛适应性而被大量栽培。但是它易受一些真菌病害以及害虫的侵害。在冷、湿气候地区尤甚。目前,全世界各国广泛利用欧洲种和美洲种葡萄进行杂交来培育抗病品种。保持品种的杂合性以及用无性方法繁殖优良杂种也被列入计划之内。葡萄育种的趋势包括利用原生质体融合克服生殖隔离,不过从原生质体和愈伤组织中再生植株很难;离体培养无核品种的早期胚珠是培育新无核品种的有希望途径;采用植物基因转化技术,把控制某些有利性状的DNA片段导入到优良品种细胞内,并使其表达,将为葡萄品种的改良开辟广阔的前景。
Vitis Vinifera is cultivated in large quantities for its high quality and its wide adaptability to climatic conditions. But it is susceptible to some fungal diseases and pests. Especially in cold and wet areas. At present, all countries in the world make extensive use of European and American grape hybrids to cultivate resistant varieties. Maintaining the heterozygosity of breeds and the breeding of fine hybrids by asexual methods are also included in the plan. Grape breeding trends include the use of protoplast fusion to overcome reproductive segregation, but plant regeneration from protoplasts and callus is difficult; early embryos in vitro culture of seedless varieties are promising pathways for the development of new seedless varieties; plant genes Transformation technology, to control some of the favorable traits of DNA fragments into good varieties of cells, and to express, will open up broad prospects for the improvement of grape varieties.