译者需要“发展”的眼光

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  “发展”引起笔者的关注始于“科学发展观”(the scientific outlook on development)的提出,如果再往前追溯,大概就是改革开放总设计师那句名言了:发展是硬道理。(There is only one truth: development.)鄙译当然不同于早期的官方版本“Development is the only hard truth.” 或“Development is of overriding importance.”而《治国理政》中这句名言的翻译显然更进一步:Only development will make a difference. 孰優孰劣,相信读者见仁见智。
  我们再看一些例句及其翻译:
  原文:坚持和发展中国特色社会主义
  译文:uphold and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics
  原文:促进经济社会持续健康发展
  译文:promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society
  点评:“可持续发展”则是sustainable development。
  原文:创新型青年人才是科技发展希望之所在。
  译文:Innovative young people are the best hope for our scientific and tech-nological development.
  原文:坚持以科学发展为主题
  译文:take a balanced and coordinated approach to development
  点评:此处明显意译,达意简练。另一处表述“要坚持科学发展”对应译文为uphold the principle of balanced and coordinated development。从“科学发展观”(the scientific outlook on development)作为重要政治思想理论的翻译,到“科学发展”在领导人讲话中的灵活运用,我们注意到,译者因地制宜,采用了不同的表达方式。但形式各异的译文终究还是遵循着文字的内在逻辑,表达出了汉语潜藏的真实意图。这正是鄙人强调的译者必备的发展眼光,也正是莎士比亚所说的:Though this be madness, yet there is method in it.(道是不羁却有理。)
  除了development一词,英语译文也经常使用growth表示“发展”,比如:
  经济发展的基础  the basis of economic growth
  转变经济发展模式  transform the economic growth pattern
  创新驱动的发展  innovation-driven growth
  此外,日常生活中,跟“发展”相关的很多表述都值得留意,如:
  发展计划/项目  development plan/program
  职业发展  career development / professional development
  个人发展机会  opportunities for personal development
  情感发展  emotional development
  基本技能的发展  development of basic skills
  围绕旅游发展经济  develop economy around the tourist industry
  他俩的关系如何发展我们拭目以待。We are going to wait and see how their relationship develops.
  我们会让你及时了解事态的发展。We will keep you informed of develop-ments.
  发展中国家 developing countries
  发展心理学 developmental psychology
  儿童发展 child development
  性格发展 personality development
  发展壮大为一个组织 evolve into a strong organization
  发展的眼光 in the light of development
  无论采用名词形式还是动词形式,“发展”的英语对应词相当简单,但是,正如我们已经注意到的,它的搭配比较复杂多变,相关修饰语,比如“科学”,也会因为语境不同而措辞迥异。不知读者诸君是否还想到了其他一些本文没有提及但却常用的相关表述?                        □
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