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新课程实施以来,农村初中物理科学探究课堂教学没有发生根本转变。通过对湖南省L县农村初中教师和学生问卷调查、访谈、物理探究课堂观察、中考物理探究题文本分析发现,影响探究课堂教学行为的首要因素是教师教育观念,包括教师对探究的认识、对学生探究能力的信任度和教学习惯;其次是硬环境,包括中考制度和教师评价机制、实验仪器装备水平、教师自身素质;最后是软环境,包括学生素质、社会环境、教师待遇、教师工作量和班级人数。转变教学观念,改革中考内容,改革教师培训方式,领导提高重视程度,是促进教学行为发生根本转变的重要条件。
Since the implementation of the new curriculum, no fundamental changes have taken place in the inquiry into physical science in rural junior high schools. Through questionnaire surveys, interviews, physical exploration classroom observation and physical examination of senior high school teachers in L county of Hunan province, it is found that the primary factor influencing classroom teaching behavior is teacher education concept, including teachers’ cognition of inquiry. Students ’ability to explore the trust and teaching habits; followed by the hard environment, including the senior high school entrance examination system and teacher evaluation mechanism, the level of experimental equipment, teachers’ own quality; the last is the soft environment, including student quality, social environment, teacher treatment, teacher workload and Class size. Changing the teaching concept, reforming the contents of the senior high school entrance examination, reforming the teacher training methods and increasing the emphasis attached by the leaders are important conditions for promoting fundamental changes in teaching behavior.