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流体包裹体是古地质流体的唯一直接记录,为反演地质过程涉及的物理化学条件等提供了最为重要的证据.流体包裹体是研究热液矿床成矿流体最有利手段,常规的测试对象为透明的脉石矿物,而矿石矿物中的流体包裹体更为直接、准确地记录了成矿流体信息.大多数矿石矿物在显微镜透射光下不透明,其捕获的流体包裹体研究需要使用配备有红外成像系统的显微镜进行.近20年来,不透明矿物流体包裹体红外显微测温研究获得了长足的进展,但其中仍有一些问题尚未解决,制约了该方法的应用;同时,国内该研究领域正处在起步阶段,多个实验室已安装了红外测试仪器,但尚未开展系统的研究工作.因此,需要对该研究领域进行综述,探讨存在的问题,以促进该研究方法的发展.本文首先介绍了红外显微镜仪器工作原理及样品制备注意事项,阐述了影响不透明矿物红外透明度的因素,讨论了红外显微测温研究中的主要问题和难点,并针对测温过程中相变观察困难、红外光可能影响测温结果等问题提出可行的解决方案,最后论述了红外显微测温系统在矿床学领域的应用前景.“,”Fluid inclusions are the only direct records of paleo-fluids,and provide insight into the physical and chemical feature of geological process.In research of hydrothermal ore deposits,fluid inclusions are the best tools to reveal the features of ore-forming fluids.Regular studies of fluid inclusion in hydrothermal deposits are focused on gangue minerals which are transparent under visible light,however,fluid inclusions in ore minerals are thought to record ore-forming fluids more directly and accurately.Considering most ore mineral are opaque in visible light,fluid inclusions studies of them need to use the microscope with infrared imaging system.In recent 20 years,there has been much progress in the research of infrared microthermometry of fluid inclusions in opaque minerals,but some problems that remain unresolved limit the develop of it.Meanwhile it is still at initial stage in China now,without much research examples and systematic discussion,although several infrared microscopes having been established.Therefore,it is necessary to summarize the research and discuss the existing problems to promote its development in China.This paper introduces the infrared microscope,basic principles and sample preparation at first.Then it summarizes the factors that influence the transparency of opaque minerals under infrared light.Moreover,discussions of the main problems and predicaments encountered in previous studies are given and a feasible test method that can solve the difficulty of determining of phase change during microthermometry and avoid the possible devotion of temperature of phase changes caused by infrared light is proposed.Finally,this paper states the current situation and prospects of application of the infrared microscope in ore deposits researches.