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随着工农业生产的发展,在多沙河流上筑坝建库以提高利用水资源的效益及其与由于水库淤积而造成兴利指标降低的矛盾扫趋突出。过去那种对泥沙危害认识不足,致使排沙规模太小,甚至不设排沙建筑物的错误观点,已逐步得到纠正。同时,不顾经济效益和其它条件,过份强调“底孔越低,越大越好”,以致造成工程造价太高或投资积压,也已被证明是片面的。 在坝身以及近坝处设置的孔口排沙或兼顾水沙调度,是利用水力排沙来保持库容和保证水库安全运行的主要方法之一。从水库防沙排淤的角度出发,排沙孔口的设计(包括规模、型式、数量和布置等)及运用方式的研究,是其关键所在。
With the development of industrial and agricultural production, the contradiction between the dam construction and storage in the Dousha River to improve the utilization of water resources and the reduction of the profit and loss index due to siltation of reservoirs has been highlighted. In the past, the erroneous viewpoint that the lack of understanding of the hazards caused by sediment caused the discharge of sediment to be too small or even the absence of sand-drained buildings has been gradually corrected. At the same time, despite the economic and other conditions, it has been overemphasized that “the lower the size of the bottom hole, the bigger the better.” As a result, the project cost is too high or the investment backlog has also proved one-sided. It is one of the main methods to maintain the reservoir capacity and ensure the safe operation of reservoirs by utilizing the hydraulic sand discharge to discharge sediment or balance the discharge of water and sediment at the dam body and near the dam. From the perspective of silt sediment prevention and control in sediment reservoirs, the design of sediment discharge ports (including the scale, type, quantity and layout) and the research on the application mode are the key points.