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通过田间、土培和砂培试验,研究了磷对早稻品种“原丰早”生长发育及其有关生理作用的影响。结果表明:缺磷的稻株矮小,生育期延迟,施用磷肥可促进稻株正常生长,又可使水稻早熟高产;随着施磷量的提高,水稻地上部和叶片以及种子的含磷量随之增加,而氮、钾含量的提高不明显。缺磷时,水稻叶片及根中ATP和RNA的含量均降低,叶片中蛋白质氨含量略有下降:供磷不足影响了光合初产物的正常运转,引起叶片积累淀粉,而蔗糖合成减少。水稻生育前期缺磷,叶片中叶绿素含量反而增高,但叶绿素a与叶绿素b的比值下降。磷的缺乏使水稻叶片CO_2同化速率降低,其主要原因是叶片ATP含最下降及光合产物的分配不台理。
Field experiment, soil culture and sand culture experiment were conducted to study the effects of phosphorus on the growth and development and its related physiological effects of early morning rice varieties. The results showed that: the phosphorus-deficient rice plants were short and the growth period was delayed. The application of phosphate fertilizer could promote the normal growth of rice plants and make the rice premature and high yield. With the increase of phosphorus application, the phosphorus content of shoots and leaves The increase of nitrogen and potassium content is not obvious. Under phosphorus deficiency, the contents of ATP and RNA in rice leaves and roots were decreased, and the ammonia content in the leaves slightly decreased: the deficient supply of phosphorus affected the normal operation of photosynthetic primary products, causing the accumulation of starch in leaves and reducing the sucrose synthesis. Phosphorus deficiency in early growth stage of rice increased chlorophyll content in leaves, but the ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b decreased. The lack of phosphorus reduced the CO 2 assimilation rate in rice leaves, which was mainly due to the lowest content of ATP in leaves and the distribution of photosynthetic products.