船在内陆航道中航行的性能与外海中的性能有显著的差别。这些差别包括:船体周围有明显的循环水流;靠近尾部有独特形式的波浪和为使船舶速度与外海的船舶速度相同,需要大幅度增加功率。尽管对这些特性已进行过数年的广泛观测,然而,对于运河中以不同方式运行的被拖曳的船和自航船的情况仍然了解不够。除各种次要的因素外,一个被拖曳的船舶能在三种速度,即亚临界、临界和超临界速度范围内航行,这三种范围是根据用于推进船的拖曳力的大小和阻塞比(即,船只最 The performance of a ship navigating in an inland waterway differs significantly from that in the open sea. These differences include: significant recirculation of water around the hull; a unique form of wave near the tail and the need for a substantial increase in power required to make the ship’s speed the same as the speed of the ship off the coast. Despite the fact that these characteristics have been extensively observed over several years, however, the situation of towed and self-propelled vessels operating differently in the canal remains poorly understood. In addition to various secondary factors, a towed ship can sail at three speeds, subcritical, critical and supercritical velocities, depending on the size and obstruction of the towing force used to propel the ship Than (ie, the most ships