建国前,四川手工棉纺织业基本有三种形式。一种作为农村家庭副业,以一家农户为生产单位,自纺自织或单纺单织。其产品除供家庭使用外,也在市场出售,以弥补生活的不足。一种是城镇手工业织户,习称机房。这些机房是小作坊主或独立手工业者。他们靠家庭成员或雇用少数工匠,从事小商品生产以维持生活。一种是手工业织布工场。一般的都有织机二三十台以上,雇有劳动力几十人;个别的织机达二三百台,雇用职工数百人,实行专业化分工,已初具工厂规模。除上述三种基本形式外,在抗日战争时期,农本局福生庄在江津等川东北地区,将分散的农户组织起来,成立了“手纺团”和“手织团”。但在1944年前后,因原料供应不足,加之实行的是花纱布交换,中间获利甚微,折算成的工资极其低廉而解体。战时中国工业合作协会、四川省工业合作管理委员会推动全川各县成立的纺纱、织布合作社,在恶性通 Before the founding of the People’s Republic of China, Sichuan’s handmade cotton textile industry basically had three forms. As a rural family sub-sector, a farmer is a production unit, spinning or spinning alone. In addition to home products, its products are also sold in the market to make up for lack of life. One is the town of handicraft weaving households, commonly known as the engine room. These rooms are small workshop owners or independent craftsmen. They rely on family members or employ a few craftsmen to engage in the production of small commodities to maintain their lives. One is the handicraft weaving factory. In general, there are more than 20 looms and dozens of laborers are employed. There are two or three hundred looms for individual looms, employ hundreds of workers, and specialize in the division of labor, which has begun to take shape on a factory scale. In addition to the three basic forms mentioned above, during the War of Resistance Against Japan, the Fusheng Village of the Agricultural Bureau of the People’s Republic of China organized the scattered peasant households in Jiangjin and other northeastern Sichuan regions and established the “hand spinning group” and “hand woven group”. However, around 1944, due to insufficient supply of raw materials, combined with the implementation of flower gauze exchange, the profit in the middle was minimal, and the wages converted were extremely low and disintegrated. During the war, China Industrial Cooperation Association and Sichuan Industrial Cooperation Administrative Committee promoted the establishment of spinning and weaving cooperatives in all Chuan counties.