结合文献复习,对尿激酶及链激酶的临床应用概述如下。 一、深部静脉血栓 对深部静脉血栓形成治疗的理想效果应该是血管的重新开放,消除肺栓塞,防止再次血栓形成,保存瓣膜功能和避免静脉炎后综合征(痛、肿胀、色素沉着、湿疹和溃烂)。 抗凝剂能够预防在已形成的血栓上继续沉着纤维蛋白和防止肺栓塞,但不能去除血栓或清除静脉瓣的血栓样物质。理论上只有血栓切除术和溶栓药物能解除已形成的血栓。但是手术常能损害内膜或血栓清除不完全,所以血栓切除手术后再次血栓形成的发生率是相对地比较高。 Combined with the literature review, the clinical application of urokinase and streptokinase is summarized as follows. First, the deep venous thrombosis for deep vein thrombosis treatment of the desired effect should be the reopening of the blood vessels, the elimination of pulmonary embolism, to prevent thrombosis again, to preserve valve function and avoid phlebitis syndrome (pain, swelling, pigmentation, eczema and fester). Anticoagulants are able to prevent thrombus-like substances that continue to deposit fibrin and prevent pulmonary embolism on established thrombi, but that can not remove or remove venous valves. In theory, only thrombectomy and thrombolytic drugs can relieve the formation of thrombus. But surgery can often damage the intima or incomplete removal of thrombus, so the incidence of thrombosis after thrombectomy is relatively high.