石油工业是委内瑞拉的经济支柱,而在上个世纪90年代这条命脉却很大程度上掌握在外国公司的手中,委内瑞拉总统查韦斯上台伊始,就通过国有化来强化国家对石油工业的控制,大幅提高政府在石油收入上的分成比例。石油工业国有化使查韦斯政府在短时期内财政收入大幅提高,从而有财力资助社会发展项目, The petroleum industry is the economic pillar of Venezuela, but in the last century 90’s this lifeline is largely in the hands of foreign companies. Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez came into power at the very beginning, through the nationalization to strengthen the country’s control over the oil industry , Substantially increasing the government’s share of oil revenues. The nationalization of the oil industry enabled Chavez’s government to increase its fiscal revenue in a short period of time so that it could provide financial support for social development projects.