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虚词是汉语中表现语法关系的一种主要的手段,介词“于”和“於”则是先秦非常重要的虚词。对于古籍中“于”和“於”用法的统计数据表明:“于”和“於”大致相等的古籍数量非常之少,《左传》则是其中极其难得的一部。《左传》中“于”和“於”的分布情况有明显不同,在中心词前后的位置上受到严格的限制。在语法功能上,“于”和“於”也有很大区别,一些情况下常用“于”字,也有一些情况下则惯用“於”字。本文就是对“于”“於”在用法上的多种区别做出一个梳理,并根据“于”和“於”用法上的辨析得出它们的历史发展的趋势。
Function words are one of the main means of expressing grammatical relations in Chinese. The prepositions “in ” and “in ” are very important function words in pre-Qin period. For the ancient books, the statistics of usage of “in ” and “in ” show that there are very few ancient books whose “” is the same as “in ” and “Zuo Zhuan” is one of the most rare One The distribution of “in ” and “in ” in Zuo Zhuan is obviously different, and the position before and after the center is restricted severely. Grammatical functions, “” and “in” are also very different, in some cases commonly used “in ”, there are some cases are used “in ”. This essay is to sort out the many differences in the usage of “in ” and “in ”, and derive their trend of historical development based on the analysis of the usage of “in” and “in” .