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水稻是最重要的粮食作物之一,世界上约有一半以上的人口以稻米为主食。我国水稻每年播种面积在4.2亿~4.5亿亩(1亩=0.067公顷,下同)之间,占粮食总产量的38%、食粮的70%,在粮食生产中占有举足轻重的地位。随着人口的增长和耕地面积的减少,我国将面临粮食问题的严峻挑战。FAO(联合国粮农组织)认为,今后国际粮食总产增长的80%将依赖于单产水平的提高,而单产提高的60%~80%来源于良种的科技进步。传统的育种技术已为培育水
Rice is one of the most important food crops, with more than half of the world’s population being rice-based. The annual sown area of paddy rice in our country ranges from 420 million to 450 million mu (1 mu = 0.067 hectare, the same below), accounting for 38% of the total grain output and 70% of the food grain, occupying a pivotal position in the grain production. As the population grows and the area of cultivated land decreases, our country will face the severe challenge of the grain issue. According to FAO, 80% of the future growth in the world’s total grain output will depend on an increase in the level of yield, while 60% to 80% of the increase in yield comes from the scientific and technological progress of improved varieties. Traditional breeding techniques have been to cultivate water