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目的分析精神分裂症患者孤独感与病耻感现状,探讨两者的相关性。方法选取广州市脑科医院住院的精神分裂症患者110例,采用一般资料调查表、孤独感量表和贬低-歧视感知量表进行调查。结果 110例精神分裂症患者孤独感总分为(43.27±9.98)分,其中40~59分轻度孤独有68例,占61.8%;60~79分中度孤独有8例,占7.3%。病耻感条目均分为(2.44±0.52),与量表中位2.50分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。精神分裂症患者孤独感与病耻感呈正相关(r=0.486,P=0.003)。结论精神分裂症患者普遍存在孤独感与病耻感,病耻感较强,其孤独感较严重。医护人员需积极建立良好的护患关系,帮助患者改善精神症状的同时,关注患者的心理健康,帮助患者与周围成员建立良好的人际关系,降低其病耻感与孤独感。
Objective To analyze the status quo of loneliness and stigma in schizophrenia patients and to explore the correlation between them. Methods A total of 110 schizophrenic patients were enrolled in Guangzhou Brain Hospital. The general data questionnaire, the loneliness scale and the derogatory-discrimination perception scale were used to investigate. Results The total score of loneliness in 110 cases of schizophrenia was (43.27 ± 9.98) points, of which 68 were moderately lonely in 40-59, accounting for 61.8%. There were 8 cases of moderately lonely in 60-79, accounting for 7.3%. Sick sense items were divided into (2.44 ± 0.52), and the scale of 2.50 points was no significant difference (P> 0.05). There was a positive correlation between loneliness and stigma in schizophrenia (r = 0.486, P = 0.003). Conclusions There is widespread sense of loneliness and sense of shame in schizophrenia patients with strong sense of shame and more serious sense of loneliness. Health care workers should actively establish a good nurse-patient relationship, help patients improve mental symptoms, pay attention to patients’ mental health, and help patients and their surrounding members to establish good interpersonal relationships and reduce their sense of shame and loneliness.