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目的了解深圳市青少年学生成瘾物质使用情况,分析学生物质成瘾的影响因素,为制定学生成瘾物质使用预防策略提供理论依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样的方法,抽取深圳20所大中学校的5 049名学生,调查其成瘾物质使用的情况。采用χ~2检验和逐步Logistic回归方法,探索大中学生成瘾物质使用的影响因素。结果曾经使用成瘾物质的学生有215名(4.3%),其中止咳药水、吸入性有机溶剂人次占2.0%,镇静剂占0.6%,盐酸曲马多0.5%;吸食大麻、冰毒、鸦片、可卡因、海洛因人次均占0.4%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,使用成瘾物质的危险因素有学段(OR=1.400,95%CI=1.139~1.721)、打架(OR=1.634,95%CI=1.160~2.303)、孤独(OR=1.670,95%CI=1.131~2.466)、自伤(OR=2.584,95%CI=1.818~3.672)以及遭受暴力(OR=4.712,95%CI=1.676~13.251)。结论青少年学生仍存在使用成瘾物质的现象,有必要开展针对成瘾物质危害的宣传教育活动。
Objective To understand the use of addictive substances in adolescent students in Shenzhen and to analyze the influencing factors of addictions in students’ physical addictions so as to provide a theoretical basis for the development of preventive strategies for the use of addictive substances in students. Methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to collect 5 049 students from 20 secondary and high schools in Shenzhen to investigate the use of addictive substances. The χ ~ 2 test and stepwise Logistic regression were used to explore the influencing factors of addictive substance use among middle and high school students. Results There were 215 (4.3%) students who used addictive substances, including 2.0% of cough syrup and inhaled organic solvents, 0.6% of sedatives and 0.5% of tramadol hydrochloride; those who smoked cannabis, methamphetamine, opium, cocaine, Heroin accounted for 0.4%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for using addictive substances were as follows: the odds of having addiction (OR = 1.400, 95% CI = 1.139-1.721), fighting (OR = 1.634,95% CI = 1.160-2.303) = 1.670, 95% CI = 1.131-2.466), self-injury (OR = 2.584, 95% CI = 1.818-3.662) and violence (OR = 4.712, 95% CI = 1.676-13.251). Conclusion Adolescent students still have the phenomenon of using addictive substances, so it is necessary to carry out publicity and education activities that are aimed at the harm of addictive substances.