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目的:研究人参皂甙(GSL)对去卵巢大鼠所致骨丢失的预防作用。方法:采用双侧卵巢摘除术,体内双荧光标记法,胫骨上段硬组织包埋切片,全自动图象分析及松质骨形态计量学软件处理,观察药物对骨形态计量参数的影响。结果:大鼠去卵巢10周后骨量丢失(-75％,P<0.01)伴随破骨细胞活性、骨形成率及骨转换率明显增加。GSL 100和300mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)均抑制破骨细胞骨吸收(-68％,-70％,P<0.01),低剂量组略增加骨形成和骨转换率(+32％,+15％,P>0.05vs OVX)。高剂量组则略抑制骨形成及骨转换率(-30％,-33％vsOVX,P>0.05),并增加骨量(+56％,P<0.01vsOVX),部份预防骨丢失。17α-乙炔基雌二醇100μg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)抑制骨吸收和骨转换率(-45％,-45％vs OVX,P<0.05),增加骨量(+162％vs OVX,P<0.01),预防骨丢失。结论:人参皂甙对去卵巢所致高转换型骨丢失有预防作用,与其抑制骨吸收和轻度抑制骨转换率有关。其低剂量增加骨形成。人参皂甙抑制骨转换率和预防骨丢失作用比17α-乙炔基雌二醇弱。
Objective: To study the preventive effect of ginsenosides (GSL) on bone loss induced by ovariectomized rats. METHODS: Bilateral ovariectomy, double fluorescent labeling in vivo, embedding of hard tissue in the upper humerus, automated image analysis and cancellous bone morphometry software were used to observe the effects of drugs on bone morphometric parameters. RESULTS: After 10 weeks of ovariectomy, the loss of bone mass (-75%, P<0.01) was accompanied by a significant increase in osteoclast activity, bone formation rate, and bone turnover rate. GSL 100 and 300 mg·kg -1 ·d -1 inhibited bone resorption by osteoclasts (-68%, -70%, P <0.01). Low-dose group slightly increased bone formation and bone turnover rate. (+32%, +15%, P>0.05 vs. OVX). The high-dose group slightly inhibited bone formation and bone turnover (-30%, -33% vs OVX, P>0.05), and increased bone mass (+56%, P<0.01 vs. OVX), partially preventing bone loss. 17α-ethynyl estradiol 100 μg·kg -1 ·d -1 inhibited bone resorption and bone turnover rate (-45%, -45% vs OVX, P<0.05), increased bone mass (+ 162% vs OVX, P<0.01) to prevent bone loss. CONCLUSIONS: Ginsenosides have a preventive effect on ovariectomy-induced hypertrophic bone loss, and are associated with their inhibition of bone resorption and mild inhibition of bone turnover. Its low dose increases bone formation. Ginsenosides have a weaker effect on inhibiting bone turnover and preventing bone loss than 17α-ethynyl estradiol.