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【摘要】完型填空集词语辨析，词的用法及搭配，语法、单句理解，语篇理解等考查于一体，既考查考生的语言知识水平，又检测他们的分析判断能力和综合运用语言知识的实践能力。教师要在抓好学生平时词汇、短语、句型的积累，打好基本功的基础上限时限量训练，培养学生的“全方位意识”，激发学生的阅读兴趣，提高补全语篇的能力，鼓励学生训练其思维品质。
【关键词】完型填空 全方位意识
Cultivate the “all-orientation consciousness” and do well the cloze
-——One junior grade-three English cloze review class
Zou Yarong
【Abstract】The cloze is one kind of question type that gathers the differentiation and analysis of the words and expressions, the usage and collocation of the words, the grammar, the simple sentence understanding and the passage comprehension. It not only has examined students’ language knowledge level, but also has examined their ability to analyze and judge and the general practicing ability. Teachers should make students practice some cloze within a definite time and quantity based on the attention to the accumulation of students’ glossary, phrase and sentence pattern to cultivate students’ all-orientation consciousness, arouse students’ reading interest, improve the ability to fill the whole text and encourage students to train their thinking quality.
【Keywords】Cloze All-orientation consciousness
1．问题提出。从近几年的中考命题趋势看，中考英语试题已经从偏重知识的考查转向侧重能力的考查。而在中考的所有试题中，完型填空的要求可能是最高的。它集词语辨析、词的用法及搭配、语法、单句理解、语篇理解等考查于一体，既考查考生的语言知识水平，又检测他们的分析判断能力和综合运用语言知识的实践能力。一篇200－300词的短文，被挖去7或8个单词，要求学生在有限的时间里，运用所学的词汇、语法等知识和语言逻辑推理能力进行准确的判断和填空，从而使文章通顺畅达，恢复原样，这确实不是一件容易的事。因此，受区教研员之托，我在全区上了一堂初三英语完型填空复习课。
2．教学目标与方法。
①继续培养学生对阅读的兴趣和提高补全语篇的能力；
②明确完型填空对学生思维能力的具体要求，鼓励学生自我训练一下思维品质：严密的逻辑思维能力、扎实的语法分析能力、充分的发散性思维能力；
③提供一些解决完型填空的简易可行的操作方法。
3．课堂教学内容。
Part I 引入主题，从下面这样一个故事，给学生这样一个问题：Can you tell why the detective drew such a conclusion? 激发学生阅读的兴趣。
The Missing Painting
“Help! Help!”
The neighbours rushed to Mrs. Smith’s flat, where the shout came out.
Mrs. Smith, wrapped in a big towel, was trembling （颤抖）. “When I was washing my hair I heard some strange noise from behind. In the mirror I saw an ugly face looking at me. He’s a man about 50. I was frightened to death. Then, the man disappeared. As I went out. Look! I saw everything in a mess（乱成一团）.”
“Anything lost?” asked the neighbours.
“My precious painting is gone!” Mrs. Smith pointed to the blank wall. She had a painting by Picasso which was her particular pride and treasure.
Someone called the police, and soon came two policemen and a detective. The detective searched the house and left nothing unturned, It was winter; doors and windows were well closed. At last the detective decided that nobody had ever broken into the house and that Mrs. Smith was cheating.
Dear readers, can you tell why the detective drew such a conclusion?
然后把上面的文章改成完型填空的形式，从而引出今天上课的主题——Cloze test
A report:
Mrs. Smith said she heard some strange n_____ from behind, while she was washing her hair. In the mirror she saw an ugly face looking at her. Then, the man d______. she was so frightened. He’s a man about 50. As she went out. She said e______ was in a mess（乱成一团）.”
She said her precious painting on the blank wall was g______. The painting by Picasso was her particular pride and treasure.
Someone called the police, and soon we went there. We searched the house and left nothing unturned, It was winter; doors and windows were well c______. So we decided that nobody had ever broken into the house and Mrs. Smith was cheating.
Part II 熟悉语法、词汇，培养“完整句子意识”。
学习语言就是要学会使用语言。所以掌握一定的语法、词汇是必不可少的。而这些语法词汇只有在句子的运用中才能掌握好。完型填空的有些选项是按语法结构、词汇的搭配而设计的。语法包括词法和句法两大部分。词法涉及各种词的形式和用法等，句法涉及句子结构、句子成分、语序以及句子的种类等。做完型填空题时，学生应该首先有“句子意识”，以句子为单位，运用所学的语法和词汇知识做出判断。所以，首先训练“句子意识”。
Exercise 1: How subjects are formed.
①______ are helpful to students.（them）
②______ is more important to me than money.（healthy）
③Some famous ______ are going to give lectures in our university in August.（science）
④Feng Ai’s love and ______ will always be remembered by her students and their parents in Yunnan.（kind）
⑤Are there any taxi ______ in the small city?（serve）
⑥_______ is my favourite sport.（fish）
Exercise 2: The usage of verbs
John was standing on the step of a house. An old woman c______ over to him. “My boy,” she a______, “Is your father at home?” “Yes,” a______ John. The woman began r______ the bell. She rang and rang, but there was no answer. At last she t______ back to John and s______ angrily “Didn’t you s______ that your father was at home?” “I did”, answered John, “but this i______ my house.”
Exercise 3: How objects are formed.
①Mr. Chen was surprised to see the fast ______ in Shanghai after his long absence from the city.（develop）
②The front is in great need of medical ______.（work）
③Thank you for your ______.（kind）
④At last he sold his ______.（invent）
Exercise 4: Guessing the missing words
Mr. Wu is getting old. He is l______ the school soon. The s______ in his class have given h______ a lot of p______. Among t______ are cards, note-books, photos and books. Most of the cards are m______ by the students themselves.
Photos will h______ Mr. Wu remember the happy l______ when he was with his students. Next week, t______ will have a p______ to s______ goodbye to him.
Exercise 5: The way of guessing the predictive.
①It is ______ for an ordinary plane to fly to the moon.（possible）
②The sick man is getting ______.（ill）
③Patrick is going to be a（n） ______ when he grows up.（engine）
④Lucy looks ______ in Mum’s shoes.（fun）
⑤Such cold weather is quite ______ in June and people have to wear warm clothes again.（change）
⑥It’s a ______ to have a picnic with all the members.（please）
Exercise 6: The way of guessing the attributive.
①The ______ exams usually take place at the end of June.（finally）
②On a ______ night, you can see thousands of stars in the sky.（clearly）
③In ______ weather, the old had better stay at home.（freeze）
④The French artist said, “it is my ______ time to visit Shanghai. I love this city so much.”（one）
⑤That girl is the most ______ member in the school singing group.（importance）
⑥Quite a few ______ houses have been built for the tourists around the lake.（wood）
Exercise 7: The way of guessing the adverbial.
①______, we reached the top of the mountain.（final）
②The old lady could hardly believe that she had got the travel pass to Hong Kong so ______.（easy）
③Watch ______, and you will find the difference between the two pictures.（care）
④After flying in the storm for nearly one hour, the helicopter landed ______ at last.（safe）
Summary: Exercise 1－7：
①Subjects/ Objects: noun, pronoun
②Verbs: tense, voice, infinitive, v+ing
③Predictive: linking-v + adj. ; be+adj. /n.
④Attributive: adj.
⑤Adverbial: adv.
Part III 把握作者的写作思路，培养“上下文意识”。
先要求学生试做以下题目，感觉前后词与所填词之间的联系。
Exercise 8: Guessing the missing words
①Peter called you just now. He left a m_____.
②Go straight a_____ this street and you can’t m____ the bank.
③Your family can keep in touch with you at any time wherever you are. B_____, with a mobile phone, you can e______ contact a police station or a hospital in case of emergency.
④“You c______ eat too much chicken or eggs, Frank,” said the doctor. “That food will make you in t________.”
⑤The mobile phone is c_______ and useful. For example, it can be easily carried about in pockets, so you can take it a______ you want.
⑥Polly has b______ up with her boyfriend, Peter. We were very sorry, because they s_______ to be in love.
接着跟学生讲明Cloze test:（B）的注意的几点：
A）阅读全文，了解大意。
B）边读边酌，瞻前顾后，初选试填。
C）回顾全文，校核答案。
最后以上海市2005 中考题的（B）为例，进行分析，划线的词或句子，就是与所填的空有密切联系的。尤其是第7题，学生想了很长时间，后来，老师一提醒注意感叹号，学生马上就明白填what。
Exercise 9: Read the passage and fill the blanks with proper words.
Reading books is a good hobby for all kinds of reasons. First, reading books is f___1____. You can always keep yourself amused if you like reading. This is especially useful when the weather is bad. It is a relaxing hobby too. You can really become lost in a book.
Next, you can read a book almost a__2__: in a car, in a waiting-room, on a plane, in bed, even in the bath. All you need is a book! Reading is a convenient hobby as it is easy to stop and then start again.
A__3__ good reason for reading books is that it is useful. If you read as a hobby you will get better and better at it. This m__4__ that you will read faster and will become better at understanding what you read. As your reading improves, you will probably find your schoolwork becomes much e__5__. Many school subjects depend on good reading and, as you read, you learn more and more.
Some people say that reading is out of date. This is not true. You have to be able to read to use a computer and, the better you read, the better your computer skills will be. Reading is h__6__ out of date!
Good readers are most likely to be good writers, too. They are usually good at spelling as well, and have more things to write about. Reading books is a wonderful hobby, one of the best. w__7__ other hobby could be more useful, or more enjoyable!
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________
5. ________ 6. ________ 7. ________
Part IV 揣摩作者写作意图，培养“主题意识”。
作者写一篇文章，或是为了表达某种观点，或说明某个问题，或叙述某件事情。我们只有把握了作者的写作意图，才能更好地做好完型填空。而上海中考题 Cloze Test（A）有以下考核特点：
①完形填空的首句一般不留空，因此认真阅读短文开头的一二句，有利于准确地预测和推断短文的主旨大意。
②一般无语法考核要求，侧重考核在理解语篇的基础上进行语言的推敲能力和逻辑分析的能力。
③既有单词选择，又有短语的选择。而同一组选项往往词性相同，但词义又有明显的或细微的区别。仔细阅读，根据上下文或语段的意思判断所要的正确词汇或短语。
下面是以上海市2006中考题的（A）为例进行分析，划线的词或句子就是与所填的空有密切联系。
Exercise 10: Choose the right words or expressions to complete the passage below.
In 1999, a television company in Britain made a very popular programme called The 1900 House. They changed an ordinary house in a street in London so it was __1__ a house from the year 1900. For example, it had no electricity, just gas for the lights and the kitchen. The toilet was outside in the garden, and all the furniture was from 1900.
Then they found a family - the Browns - to live in the house for three months. __2__ people in the family lived in the house: Paul and Joyce Brown, their daughters, Kathryn, Ruth and Hilary and their son, Joe. For three months, while they were living in the house, they had to wear Victorian （维多利亚时代的） clothes and live like people __3__. For example, they didn’t wash their hair with shampoo but with something else like lemon. They didn’t have a washing machine so they had to wash their domes by hand, and they had to use the toilet outside in the garden. But the family didn’t have to go shopping __4__. the TV company did all their shopping for them.There were __5__ inside the house to make videos of the family’s everyday life, and the Browns talked on television about their experiences. Here are some of the things that Hilary said later about her time in the house:
“Some things were __6__ we had to find things to do in the evenings, because there was no television or computer, and we all had to work hard to clean the house and to cook our food. Since there weren’t enough rooms, my sister and I had to __7__ a bedroom and a bed. It was fun and we didn’t have to go to school every day, that wasnice. But I don’t want to do it __8__. I think I’ d like to live in the future, not the past!”
（ ）1. A）different from B）larger than
C）the same as D）as convenient as
（ ）2. A）Six B）Five
C）Four D）Three
（ ）3. A）in the future B）at that time
C）not long ago D）of modern times
（ ）4. A）In addition B）However
C）Later on D）Instead
（ ）5. A）radios B）cameras
C）TV sets D）telephones
（ ）6. A）comfortable B）unlucky
C）difficult D）exciting
（ ）7. A）build B）decorate
C）buy D）share
（ ）8. A）again B）either
C）at least D）at
Part IV 用16个字进行总结
①初读全文，抓住主题。
②精读细研，初填试选。
③瞻前顾后，反复推敲。
④复读全篇，校对答案。
Part VI Homework:
Do some exercises about Cloze Test
2005 中考（A）
It’s 3 ;00 a. m. Angela is ready to start the day at the family bakery. She has three children, and they all __1__ at the bakery. Vincent and his wife, Angela, are the owners of his family’s bakery. Vincent’ s father owned the bakery, and __2__ Vincent’ s grandfather owned the bakery. Now, Vincent and Angela own and run the bakery.
__3__ in the family works in the bakery. The oldest daughter, Oaire, decorates many of the special cakes Maria is the __4__ child. She works at the counter, and sometimes she makes cookies. Paul, the youngest, is 14, and he makes bread. Vincent says. “Paul has good hands for bread.” The whole family works in the bakery, but the children only work there before or after school.
The bakery is open from 6:30a.m. to3:00p.m. every day except Monday. The bakery sells cookies, cakes, and bread. For special holidays, __5__ Easter and Christmas, Vincent keeps the bakery open __6__ 6:00 p. m. , and Angela always prepares fresh coffee for their customers.
Mr. Martino is a regular customer. He visits the bakery every morning. He always buys the round loaf of bread with no butter. He says that it’s good. Mrs. Salerno is __7__ a regular customer. Every Friday, she buys two loaves of Italian bread and a large box of cookies. Her six-year-old daughter, Laura, always gets one free cookie. Mrs. Salerno says that Vincent’s bakery is the best in the area.
（ ）1. A）play B）study
C）help D）eat
（ ）2. A）at last B）later on
C）since then D）before that
（ ）3. A）Everyone B）Someone
C）No one D）Only one
（ ）4. A）first B）middle
C）only D）last
（ ）5. A）for example B）such as
C）as well as D）in addition
（ ）6. A）after B）before
C）at D）until
（ ）7. A）just B）still
C）also D）even
2006 中考 （B）
When the London Underground goes on strike （罢工）, my journey to work can be terrible. I remember a strike which happened a few years a__1__ — the station near my house was closed and I had to use another station and take a different train. This a__2__ about an hour to my journey, so I wasn’t very happy. E__3__ went wrong at the station. People were late and they were panicking （惊恐）! By the time I got on the train, I was feeling upset and sorry for myself. Then I saw this man. There was something about him - he had such a familiar f__4__. A few minutes later, I realized that he was Jack, a friend from my school days in Scotland. At the same time he a__5__ realized who I was. Then we started talking about school days and the people we both used to k__6__. I was even more surprised when the train came into my station and he started to get off too! I asked him w__7__ he was going and he said he was going to work. He told me he worked in Fitzroy Street. You see, I work in Fitzroy Street, too. It’ s a small w__8__! It was such an amazing coincidence!
4．结束语。从这一堂课中，学生明白了做完型填空题是有规律的，是有路可循的。 但要做好这类题目主要靠平时对词汇、短语、句型的多记忆、多积累，加强语感；同时，在打好扎实基本功的基础上，对此类题型要经常进行限时限量训练，并对错题进行归类分析与总结。只有这样，才能在考试中应付自如。
【关键词】完型填空 全方位意识
Cultivate the “all-orientation consciousness” and do well the cloze
-——One junior grade-three English cloze review class
Zou Yarong
【Abstract】The cloze is one kind of question type that gathers the differentiation and analysis of the words and expressions, the usage and collocation of the words, the grammar, the simple sentence understanding and the passage comprehension. It not only has examined students’ language knowledge level, but also has examined their ability to analyze and judge and the general practicing ability. Teachers should make students practice some cloze within a definite time and quantity based on the attention to the accumulation of students’ glossary, phrase and sentence pattern to cultivate students’ all-orientation consciousness, arouse students’ reading interest, improve the ability to fill the whole text and encourage students to train their thinking quality.
【Keywords】Cloze All-orientation consciousness
1．问题提出。从近几年的中考命题趋势看，中考英语试题已经从偏重知识的考查转向侧重能力的考查。而在中考的所有试题中，完型填空的要求可能是最高的。它集词语辨析、词的用法及搭配、语法、单句理解、语篇理解等考查于一体，既考查考生的语言知识水平，又检测他们的分析判断能力和综合运用语言知识的实践能力。一篇200－300词的短文，被挖去7或8个单词，要求学生在有限的时间里，运用所学的词汇、语法等知识和语言逻辑推理能力进行准确的判断和填空，从而使文章通顺畅达，恢复原样，这确实不是一件容易的事。因此，受区教研员之托，我在全区上了一堂初三英语完型填空复习课。
2．教学目标与方法。
①继续培养学生对阅读的兴趣和提高补全语篇的能力；
②明确完型填空对学生思维能力的具体要求，鼓励学生自我训练一下思维品质：严密的逻辑思维能力、扎实的语法分析能力、充分的发散性思维能力；
③提供一些解决完型填空的简易可行的操作方法。
3．课堂教学内容。
Part I 引入主题，从下面这样一个故事，给学生这样一个问题：Can you tell why the detective drew such a conclusion? 激发学生阅读的兴趣。
The Missing Painting
“Help! Help!”
The neighbours rushed to Mrs. Smith’s flat, where the shout came out.
Mrs. Smith, wrapped in a big towel, was trembling （颤抖）. “When I was washing my hair I heard some strange noise from behind. In the mirror I saw an ugly face looking at me. He’s a man about 50. I was frightened to death. Then, the man disappeared. As I went out. Look! I saw everything in a mess（乱成一团）.”
“Anything lost?” asked the neighbours.
“My precious painting is gone!” Mrs. Smith pointed to the blank wall. She had a painting by Picasso which was her particular pride and treasure.
Someone called the police, and soon came two policemen and a detective. The detective searched the house and left nothing unturned, It was winter; doors and windows were well closed. At last the detective decided that nobody had ever broken into the house and that Mrs. Smith was cheating.
Dear readers, can you tell why the detective drew such a conclusion?
然后把上面的文章改成完型填空的形式，从而引出今天上课的主题——Cloze test
A report:
Mrs. Smith said she heard some strange n_____ from behind, while she was washing her hair. In the mirror she saw an ugly face looking at her. Then, the man d______. she was so frightened. He’s a man about 50. As she went out. She said e______ was in a mess（乱成一团）.”
She said her precious painting on the blank wall was g______. The painting by Picasso was her particular pride and treasure.
Someone called the police, and soon we went there. We searched the house and left nothing unturned, It was winter; doors and windows were well c______. So we decided that nobody had ever broken into the house and Mrs. Smith was cheating.
Part II 熟悉语法、词汇，培养“完整句子意识”。
学习语言就是要学会使用语言。所以掌握一定的语法、词汇是必不可少的。而这些语法词汇只有在句子的运用中才能掌握好。完型填空的有些选项是按语法结构、词汇的搭配而设计的。语法包括词法和句法两大部分。词法涉及各种词的形式和用法等，句法涉及句子结构、句子成分、语序以及句子的种类等。做完型填空题时，学生应该首先有“句子意识”，以句子为单位，运用所学的语法和词汇知识做出判断。所以，首先训练“句子意识”。
Exercise 1: How subjects are formed.
①______ are helpful to students.（them）
②______ is more important to me than money.（healthy）
③Some famous ______ are going to give lectures in our university in August.（science）
④Feng Ai’s love and ______ will always be remembered by her students and their parents in Yunnan.（kind）
⑤Are there any taxi ______ in the small city?（serve）
⑥_______ is my favourite sport.（fish）
Exercise 2: The usage of verbs
John was standing on the step of a house. An old woman c______ over to him. “My boy,” she a______, “Is your father at home?” “Yes,” a______ John. The woman began r______ the bell. She rang and rang, but there was no answer. At last she t______ back to John and s______ angrily “Didn’t you s______ that your father was at home?” “I did”, answered John, “but this i______ my house.”
Exercise 3: How objects are formed.
①Mr. Chen was surprised to see the fast ______ in Shanghai after his long absence from the city.（develop）
②The front is in great need of medical ______.（work）
③Thank you for your ______.（kind）
④At last he sold his ______.（invent）
Exercise 4: Guessing the missing words
Mr. Wu is getting old. He is l______ the school soon. The s______ in his class have given h______ a lot of p______. Among t______ are cards, note-books, photos and books. Most of the cards are m______ by the students themselves.
Photos will h______ Mr. Wu remember the happy l______ when he was with his students. Next week, t______ will have a p______ to s______ goodbye to him.
Exercise 5: The way of guessing the predictive.
①It is ______ for an ordinary plane to fly to the moon.（possible）
②The sick man is getting ______.（ill）
③Patrick is going to be a（n） ______ when he grows up.（engine）
④Lucy looks ______ in Mum’s shoes.（fun）
⑤Such cold weather is quite ______ in June and people have to wear warm clothes again.（change）
⑥It’s a ______ to have a picnic with all the members.（please）
Exercise 6: The way of guessing the attributive.
①The ______ exams usually take place at the end of June.（finally）
②On a ______ night, you can see thousands of stars in the sky.（clearly）
③In ______ weather, the old had better stay at home.（freeze）
④The French artist said, “it is my ______ time to visit Shanghai. I love this city so much.”（one）
⑤That girl is the most ______ member in the school singing group.（importance）
⑥Quite a few ______ houses have been built for the tourists around the lake.（wood）
Exercise 7: The way of guessing the adverbial.
①______, we reached the top of the mountain.（final）
②The old lady could hardly believe that she had got the travel pass to Hong Kong so ______.（easy）
③Watch ______, and you will find the difference between the two pictures.（care）
④After flying in the storm for nearly one hour, the helicopter landed ______ at last.（safe）
Summary: Exercise 1－7：
①Subjects/ Objects: noun, pronoun
②Verbs: tense, voice, infinitive, v+ing
③Predictive: linking-v + adj. ; be+adj. /n.
④Attributive: adj.
⑤Adverbial: adv.
Part III 把握作者的写作思路，培养“上下文意识”。
先要求学生试做以下题目，感觉前后词与所填词之间的联系。
Exercise 8: Guessing the missing words
①Peter called you just now. He left a m_____.
②Go straight a_____ this street and you can’t m____ the bank.
③Your family can keep in touch with you at any time wherever you are. B_____, with a mobile phone, you can e______ contact a police station or a hospital in case of emergency.
④“You c______ eat too much chicken or eggs, Frank,” said the doctor. “That food will make you in t________.”
⑤The mobile phone is c_______ and useful. For example, it can be easily carried about in pockets, so you can take it a______ you want.
⑥Polly has b______ up with her boyfriend, Peter. We were very sorry, because they s_______ to be in love.
接着跟学生讲明Cloze test:（B）的注意的几点：
A）阅读全文，了解大意。
B）边读边酌，瞻前顾后，初选试填。
C）回顾全文，校核答案。
最后以上海市2005 中考题的（B）为例，进行分析，划线的词或句子，就是与所填的空有密切联系的。尤其是第7题，学生想了很长时间，后来，老师一提醒注意感叹号，学生马上就明白填what。
Exercise 9: Read the passage and fill the blanks with proper words.
Reading books is a good hobby for all kinds of reasons. First, reading books is f___1____. You can always keep yourself amused if you like reading. This is especially useful when the weather is bad. It is a relaxing hobby too. You can really become lost in a book.
Next, you can read a book almost a__2__: in a car, in a waiting-room, on a plane, in bed, even in the bath. All you need is a book! Reading is a convenient hobby as it is easy to stop and then start again.
A__3__ good reason for reading books is that it is useful. If you read as a hobby you will get better and better at it. This m__4__ that you will read faster and will become better at understanding what you read. As your reading improves, you will probably find your schoolwork becomes much e__5__. Many school subjects depend on good reading and, as you read, you learn more and more.
Some people say that reading is out of date. This is not true. You have to be able to read to use a computer and, the better you read, the better your computer skills will be. Reading is h__6__ out of date!
Good readers are most likely to be good writers, too. They are usually good at spelling as well, and have more things to write about. Reading books is a wonderful hobby, one of the best. w__7__ other hobby could be more useful, or more enjoyable!
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________
5. ________ 6. ________ 7. ________
Part IV 揣摩作者写作意图，培养“主题意识”。
作者写一篇文章，或是为了表达某种观点，或说明某个问题，或叙述某件事情。我们只有把握了作者的写作意图，才能更好地做好完型填空。而上海中考题 Cloze Test（A）有以下考核特点：
①完形填空的首句一般不留空，因此认真阅读短文开头的一二句，有利于准确地预测和推断短文的主旨大意。
②一般无语法考核要求，侧重考核在理解语篇的基础上进行语言的推敲能力和逻辑分析的能力。
③既有单词选择，又有短语的选择。而同一组选项往往词性相同，但词义又有明显的或细微的区别。仔细阅读，根据上下文或语段的意思判断所要的正确词汇或短语。
下面是以上海市2006中考题的（A）为例进行分析，划线的词或句子就是与所填的空有密切联系。
Exercise 10: Choose the right words or expressions to complete the passage below.
In 1999, a television company in Britain made a very popular programme called The 1900 House. They changed an ordinary house in a street in London so it was __1__ a house from the year 1900. For example, it had no electricity, just gas for the lights and the kitchen. The toilet was outside in the garden, and all the furniture was from 1900.
Then they found a family - the Browns - to live in the house for three months. __2__ people in the family lived in the house: Paul and Joyce Brown, their daughters, Kathryn, Ruth and Hilary and their son, Joe. For three months, while they were living in the house, they had to wear Victorian （维多利亚时代的） clothes and live like people __3__. For example, they didn’t wash their hair with shampoo but with something else like lemon. They didn’t have a washing machine so they had to wash their domes by hand, and they had to use the toilet outside in the garden. But the family didn’t have to go shopping __4__. the TV company did all their shopping for them.There were __5__ inside the house to make videos of the family’s everyday life, and the Browns talked on television about their experiences. Here are some of the things that Hilary said later about her time in the house:
“Some things were __6__ we had to find things to do in the evenings, because there was no television or computer, and we all had to work hard to clean the house and to cook our food. Since there weren’t enough rooms, my sister and I had to __7__ a bedroom and a bed. It was fun and we didn’t have to go to school every day, that wasnice. But I don’t want to do it __8__. I think I’ d like to live in the future, not the past!”
（ ）1. A）different from B）larger than
C）the same as D）as convenient as
（ ）2. A）Six B）Five
C）Four D）Three
（ ）3. A）in the future B）at that time
C）not long ago D）of modern times
（ ）4. A）In addition B）However
C）Later on D）Instead
（ ）5. A）radios B）cameras
C）TV sets D）telephones
（ ）6. A）comfortable B）unlucky
C）difficult D）exciting
（ ）7. A）build B）decorate
C）buy D）share
（ ）8. A）again B）either
C）at least D）at
Part IV 用16个字进行总结
①初读全文，抓住主题。
②精读细研，初填试选。
③瞻前顾后，反复推敲。
④复读全篇，校对答案。
Part VI Homework:
Do some exercises about Cloze Test
2005 中考（A）
It’s 3 ;00 a. m. Angela is ready to start the day at the family bakery. She has three children, and they all __1__ at the bakery. Vincent and his wife, Angela, are the owners of his family’s bakery. Vincent’ s father owned the bakery, and __2__ Vincent’ s grandfather owned the bakery. Now, Vincent and Angela own and run the bakery.
__3__ in the family works in the bakery. The oldest daughter, Oaire, decorates many of the special cakes Maria is the __4__ child. She works at the counter, and sometimes she makes cookies. Paul, the youngest, is 14, and he makes bread. Vincent says. “Paul has good hands for bread.” The whole family works in the bakery, but the children only work there before or after school.
The bakery is open from 6:30a.m. to3:00p.m. every day except Monday. The bakery sells cookies, cakes, and bread. For special holidays, __5__ Easter and Christmas, Vincent keeps the bakery open __6__ 6:00 p. m. , and Angela always prepares fresh coffee for their customers.
Mr. Martino is a regular customer. He visits the bakery every morning. He always buys the round loaf of bread with no butter. He says that it’s good. Mrs. Salerno is __7__ a regular customer. Every Friday, she buys two loaves of Italian bread and a large box of cookies. Her six-year-old daughter, Laura, always gets one free cookie. Mrs. Salerno says that Vincent’s bakery is the best in the area.
（ ）1. A）play B）study
C）help D）eat
（ ）2. A）at last B）later on
C）since then D）before that
（ ）3. A）Everyone B）Someone
C）No one D）Only one
（ ）4. A）first B）middle
C）only D）last
（ ）5. A）for example B）such as
C）as well as D）in addition
（ ）6. A）after B）before
C）at D）until
（ ）7. A）just B）still
C）also D）even
2006 中考 （B）
When the London Underground goes on strike （罢工）, my journey to work can be terrible. I remember a strike which happened a few years a__1__ — the station near my house was closed and I had to use another station and take a different train. This a__2__ about an hour to my journey, so I wasn’t very happy. E__3__ went wrong at the station. People were late and they were panicking （惊恐）! By the time I got on the train, I was feeling upset and sorry for myself. Then I saw this man. There was something about him - he had such a familiar f__4__. A few minutes later, I realized that he was Jack, a friend from my school days in Scotland. At the same time he a__5__ realized who I was. Then we started talking about school days and the people we both used to k__6__. I was even more surprised when the train came into my station and he started to get off too! I asked him w__7__ he was going and he said he was going to work. He told me he worked in Fitzroy Street. You see, I work in Fitzroy Street, too. It’ s a small w__8__! It was such an amazing coincidence!
4．结束语。从这一堂课中，学生明白了做完型填空题是有规律的，是有路可循的。 但要做好这类题目主要靠平时对词汇、短语、句型的多记忆、多积累，加强语感；同时，在打好扎实基本功的基础上，对此类题型要经常进行限时限量训练，并对错题进行归类分析与总结。只有这样，才能在考试中应付自如。