在人们的认识上,让职工参与企业管理,这是社会主义国家实现了生产资料公有制后,才会产生的现象。然而,在发达资本主义国家生产资料私有的土壤上,却早已诞生了“工人参与”、“职工共决”和“职工持股”等重视职工参与企业管理的作法和形式。这似乎使人感到有些不可思议。其实,经过工人阶级的长期斗争和生产力的现代化,这些企业的资产所有者和经营者也已变得“聪明”起来,在企业制度上越来越重视劳动者的地位和作用,运用法律和契约的形式规定劳动者参与企业管理的权力,建立调节企业劳动关系和发挥劳动者积极性的机制。就生产资料属私有的资本家而言,让工人参与企业管理的最初也许是一种无奈的选择。但是“工人参与”为企业发展带来的机遇和推动,又使这种选择成为生产力发展的必然。 In the people’s understanding, letting employees participate in enterprise management is a phenomenon that the socialist countries will have after they have realized the public ownership of the means of production. However, in the privately owned soil for the means of production in the developed capitalist countries, the practice and form of attaching importance to the participation of staff and workers in the management of enterprises has long been born, such as “worker participation”, “employee total determination” and “employee stock ownership.” This seems to make people feel a little weird. In fact, after the long-term struggle of the working class and the modernization of productive forces, the asset owners and managers of these enterprises have also become “smart”, attaching more importance to the status and role of workers in the enterprise system, using laws and deeds The form stipulates the right of laborers to participate in the management of enterprises and sets up a mechanism for regulating the labor relations of enterprises and giving full play to the enthusiasm of laborers. In the case of private capitalists whose means of production are produced, the initial attempt to involve workers in business management may be a helpless choice. However, “worker participation” brings opportunities and impetus to the development of enterprises, and makes such choices inevitable for the development of productive forces.