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我们先来回顾一下教材必修三Unit3 Reading部分中的宾语从句和表语从句。
宾语从句主要有:
May we ask what you’re doing in this country and what your plans are? 我能不能问问你要在这个国家干点什么以及你的计划是什么?
I didn’t know whether I could survive until morning. 我不知道我能否活到早上。
We’ll see if he’s clever as a wolf, eh? 瞧着吧,咱们看看他是不是像狼一样机灵?
You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. 你什么时候想来就来,喜欢吃什么就吃什么。
表语从句主要有:
The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand, which accounts for my appearance. 事实上我靠做义工来顶替船费,这就是我为什么衣冠不整。
That’s why we’ve given you the letter. 这正是我们给你这封信的原因。
关于宾语从句和表语从句,要注意以下几点:
1. 从句要用陈述句语序。例如:
Mum is coming. What present______for your birthday?
A. you expect she has got
B. you expect has she got
C. do you expect she has got
D. do you expect has she got
答案 C
解析 本题考查双重疑问句,因此插入语为一般疑问句形式do you expect,故排除A、B两项;另外在此结构中,expect后面是宾语从句,宾语从句应用陈述句语序。
2. 宾语从句的引导词that无实义,一般可以省略,但当一个动词带有两个宾语从句时,第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可省略;that引导表语从句时无实义,但一般不能省略。
Having checked the doors were closed,and______ all the lights were off,the boy opened the door to his bedroom.
A. why B. that C. when D. where
答案 B
解析 句意为:确保门和所有的灯都关上之后,男孩打开通向他卧室的门。checked后跟了两个宾语从句,第一个从句的引导词that省略了。
3. 在表示“是否”时,表语从句和介词后的宾语从句只能用whether,不能用if。
They are discussing if/whether they should admit more students into their club. 他们正在讨论是否应该接受更多的学生到他们的俱乐部。
It depends on whether we can raise enough money. 这取决于我们能否筹集到足够的钱。
4. that与what 引导宾语从句的区别在于:that引导宾语从句时,无实际意义,一般可以省略;但是what引导宾语从句时,在从句中要做成分,不能省略,相当于the thing(s) that。
The shopkeeper did not want to sell for______ he thought was not enough.
A. where B. how C. what D. which
答案 C
解析 句意为:店主不想以在他看来不够高的价钱卖东西。what引导从句作介词for的宾语。what在从句中作主语,此处what可以分解为the money that。
5. whatever引导宾语和表语从句时相当于anything that,whoever相当于anyone who。
The book is of help to______wants to do the job.
A. who B. whomever
C. no matter who D. whoever
答案 D
解析 句意为:这本书对任何想做这个工作的人都有帮助。whoever引导介词to后面的宾语从句,同时又做从句的主语,相当于anyone who。B为宾格,不能选。no matter who不能引导名词性从句,只能引导状语从句,故不能选C。
6. 可以运用形式宾语it的宾语从句。动词find,think,consider,believe,make等后有宾语补足语时,需要用it作形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置。
I think it necessary that we should take exercise every day. 我认为我们有必要每天锻炼。
I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the party. 没有参加这个聚会,我感到很遗憾。
练习
1. The reason why John was ill was______the day before. (catch)
约翰生病是因为他前一天淋了雨。
2. Do you know______ computer plays such an important part in our daily life? (it)
你知道计算机究竟为什么会成为我们日常生活中如此重要的一部分吗?
3. She considered______ he should go on a diet. (necessary)
她认为他有必要节食了。
4. “If you want to make great progress, you have to work hard. No pains, no gains. ” said the teacher. And this is______ . (agree)
老师说:“如果你想要取得巨大的进步就要努力用功,没有付出,就没有收获。” 这一点正是我同意的地方。
5. When asked______ ,he just kept silent and gave no answer. (care)
当问到他最在乎什么时,他沉默了,没有回答。
6. They are talking about______ the plan immediately. (carry)
他们正在谈论是否应该立即实施这个计划。
7. Mary makes______ that she should take good care of her parents. (duty)
玛丽将好好照顾父母当做是她的责任。
8. He is an competent worker, and his boss is almost satisfied with______ . (do)
他是个有竞争力的员工,他的老板对他做过的任何事情都很满意。
参考答案
1. that he was caught in a rain
2. why it is that
3. it necessary that
4. where I agree
5. what he cared about most
6. whether they should carry out
7. it her duty
8. whatever he has done/anything that he has done
宾语从句主要有:
May we ask what you’re doing in this country and what your plans are? 我能不能问问你要在这个国家干点什么以及你的计划是什么?
I didn’t know whether I could survive until morning. 我不知道我能否活到早上。
We’ll see if he’s clever as a wolf, eh? 瞧着吧,咱们看看他是不是像狼一样机灵?
You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. 你什么时候想来就来,喜欢吃什么就吃什么。
表语从句主要有:
The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand, which accounts for my appearance. 事实上我靠做义工来顶替船费,这就是我为什么衣冠不整。
That’s why we’ve given you the letter. 这正是我们给你这封信的原因。
关于宾语从句和表语从句,要注意以下几点:
1. 从句要用陈述句语序。例如:
Mum is coming. What present______for your birthday?
A. you expect she has got
B. you expect has she got
C. do you expect she has got
D. do you expect has she got
答案 C
解析 本题考查双重疑问句,因此插入语为一般疑问句形式do you expect,故排除A、B两项;另外在此结构中,expect后面是宾语从句,宾语从句应用陈述句语序。
2. 宾语从句的引导词that无实义,一般可以省略,但当一个动词带有两个宾语从句时,第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可省略;that引导表语从句时无实义,但一般不能省略。
Having checked the doors were closed,and______ all the lights were off,the boy opened the door to his bedroom.
A. why B. that C. when D. where
答案 B
解析 句意为:确保门和所有的灯都关上之后,男孩打开通向他卧室的门。checked后跟了两个宾语从句,第一个从句的引导词that省略了。
3. 在表示“是否”时,表语从句和介词后的宾语从句只能用whether,不能用if。
They are discussing if/whether they should admit more students into their club. 他们正在讨论是否应该接受更多的学生到他们的俱乐部。
It depends on whether we can raise enough money. 这取决于我们能否筹集到足够的钱。
4. that与what 引导宾语从句的区别在于:that引导宾语从句时,无实际意义,一般可以省略;但是what引导宾语从句时,在从句中要做成分,不能省略,相当于the thing(s) that。
The shopkeeper did not want to sell for______ he thought was not enough.
A. where B. how C. what D. which
答案 C
解析 句意为:店主不想以在他看来不够高的价钱卖东西。what引导从句作介词for的宾语。what在从句中作主语,此处what可以分解为the money that。
5. whatever引导宾语和表语从句时相当于anything that,whoever相当于anyone who。
The book is of help to______wants to do the job.
A. who B. whomever
C. no matter who D. whoever
答案 D
解析 句意为:这本书对任何想做这个工作的人都有帮助。whoever引导介词to后面的宾语从句,同时又做从句的主语,相当于anyone who。B为宾格,不能选。no matter who不能引导名词性从句,只能引导状语从句,故不能选C。
6. 可以运用形式宾语it的宾语从句。动词find,think,consider,believe,make等后有宾语补足语时,需要用it作形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置。
I think it necessary that we should take exercise every day. 我认为我们有必要每天锻炼。
I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the party. 没有参加这个聚会,我感到很遗憾。
练习
1. The reason why John was ill was______the day before. (catch)
约翰生病是因为他前一天淋了雨。
2. Do you know______ computer plays such an important part in our daily life? (it)
你知道计算机究竟为什么会成为我们日常生活中如此重要的一部分吗?
3. She considered______ he should go on a diet. (necessary)
她认为他有必要节食了。
4. “If you want to make great progress, you have to work hard. No pains, no gains. ” said the teacher. And this is______ . (agree)
老师说:“如果你想要取得巨大的进步就要努力用功,没有付出,就没有收获。” 这一点正是我同意的地方。
5. When asked______ ,he just kept silent and gave no answer. (care)
当问到他最在乎什么时,他沉默了,没有回答。
6. They are talking about______ the plan immediately. (carry)
他们正在谈论是否应该立即实施这个计划。
7. Mary makes______ that she should take good care of her parents. (duty)
玛丽将好好照顾父母当做是她的责任。
8. He is an competent worker, and his boss is almost satisfied with______ . (do)
他是个有竞争力的员工,他的老板对他做过的任何事情都很满意。
参考答案
1. that he was caught in a rain
2. why it is that
3. it necessary that
4. where I agree
5. what he cared about most
6. whether they should carry out
7. it her duty
8. whatever he has done/anything that he has done