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目的通过测量某密闭作业环境的热强度及作业人员体能和认知能力状况,评估高温密闭舱室对作业人员作业能力的影响,为维护作业人员健康、制订增强作业能力措施提供科学依据。方法采用便携式QUES Temp 36热环境监测仪测量环境热强度;根据GJB 1337-92《士兵体能的测量和评价》的方法,测量作业人员心功能指数;采用基本认知能力测试软件(BCAT)测定人员的基本认知能力。结果根据GBZ 2.2-2007《工作场所有害因素职业接触限值》,测量的密闭作业环境中存在常温和高温2种作业舱室,常温作业舱室三球温度指数(WBGT)为22.72±1.85℃,高温作业舱室WBGT为28.86±3.93℃。常温舱室作业人员的心功能指数为6.58±1.80,体能属中等水平;基本认知能力评分为62.14±10.19,属中等水平。高温舱室作业人员的心功能指数为10.78±2.55,体能属较差水平;基本认知能力评分为53.29±14.28,低于常温舱室(P<0.05)。工作20 d前后比较发现,相同舱室作业人员的认知能力无明显改变。结论高温密闭作业环境对人员作业能力有明显负性影响,并且是长期作用的结果。
Objective To assess the effect of airtight high temperature airtight containers on the working ability of workers by measuring the thermal intensity of an airtight working environment and the physical and cognitive abilities of the workers, and provide a scientific basis for maintaining the health of workers and formulating the measures to enhance their working ability. Methods The thermal intensity of the environment was measured using a portable QUES Temp 36 thermal environment monitor; the worker’s cardiac function index was measured according to GJB 1337-92, “Soldier Physical Fitness Measurement and Evaluation”; the basic cognitive ability test software (BCAT) The basic cognitive ability. Results According to GBZ 2.2-2007 Occupational Exposure Limits for Hazardous Factors in Workplace, there are two kinds of operating compartments: ambient temperature and high temperature. The WBGT is 22.72 ± 1.85 ℃ at high temperature, Cabin WBGT was 28.86 ± 3.93 ° C. At room temperature, the cardiac function index of cabin workers was 6.58 ± 1.80, and the physical ability was moderate; the basic cognitive ability score was 62.14 ± 10.19, which was of medium level. The heart function index of high-temperature cabin workers was 10.78 ± 2.55, and their physical ability was a bad level. The basic cognitive ability score was 53.29 ± 14.28, lower than that of normal temperature cabin (P <0.05). Before and after 20 days of work, it was found that there was no significant change in the cognitive ability of the same compartment workers. Conclusion The high-temperature airtight working environment has obvious negative influence on the working ability of personnel and is the result of long-term effect.