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中国生命伦理学的理论和方法在中国话语的学术脉络上受到西方普遍主义和中国传统文化的双重压迫,亟须从形态学视角上进行转化。普遍主义理解范式遵循“普遍理论—中国应用”之进路,陷入应用难题。“建构中国生命伦理学”的研究范式遵循“中国传统—当代建构”之进路,陷入建构难题。普遍主义理解范式与建构论文化信念之阐释之间的话语断裂,割裂了中国生命伦理学的形态过程中的普遍性和特殊性。“形态学”视角敞开了“跨学科条件、跨文化条件、跨时代条件”的形态学视界,它强调从形态过程的关联性视阈把握人类道德生活和伦理关系的整体、类型和结构化趋势。我们只有创造性地融入“形态学”视角,特别是马克思社会经济形态的研究视角,才能整体把握生命伦理学的道德形态过程,真正开出中国生命伦理学的“第三条道路”。
The theories and methods of Chinese bioethics are under the double oppression of Western universalism and Chinese traditional culture in the academic context of Chinese discourse, and it is urgent to transform from the perspective of morphology. The universal paradigm of understanding complies with the approach of “universal theory - China Application” and falls into the application problem. The research paradigm of “constructing Chinese bioethics” follows the path of “Chinese tradition - contemporary construction” and falls into the construction challenge. The discourse between the universalist paradigm and the constructivist interpretation of cultural belief breaks the universality and particularity of the morphological process of Chinese bioethics. Morphology opens up the morphological horizon of “interdisciplinary conditions, intercultural conditions, and trans-temporal conditions.” It emphasizes the grasping of the overall and type of human moral life and ethical relations from the perspective of the relevance of morphological processes And structural trends. Only by creatively integrating into the perspective of “morphology”, especially from the perspective of Marx’s social and economic forms, can we grasp the whole process of moral ethics as a whole and really open up the “third way” of bioethics in China. .