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文章将2005年《可再生能源法》的颁布作为一次自然实验,使用“倍差法”估计了可再生能源政策对清洁发电技术带来的影响,并考察了该政策是否有利于发电行业的清洁技术偏向。研究发现:(1)《可再生能源法》及相关政策激励了清洁发电技术的使用及生产率的提升,相对于污染发电企业,2005年之后清洁发电企业的发电量与TFP平均上升了8%和10%;(2)在时间趋势上,政策效应存在逐渐增强的趋势;(3)我们使用“匹配差分法”比较了2005年之后有补贴的企业与没有补贴企业TFP的差异,比较结果发现有补贴的企业TFP上升得更快,并且这些企业R&D投入也更多。因此认为可再生能源政策促进了发电行业的清洁技术偏向。文章的结论不仅对判断公共政策在改变环境技术偏向中所起的作用具有一定的启发意义,而且能够为相应的环境政策出台提供理论依据。
In this article, the enactment of the Renewable Energy Law of 2005 was used as a natural experiment to estimate the impact of renewable energy policies on clean power generation technology using the “double difference method” and examined whether the policy is conducive to the power generation industry Clean technology bias. The findings are as follows: (1) The Renewable Energy Law and related policies have stimulated the use of clean power generation technology and the improvement of productivity. Compared with the polluting power plants, the average power generation of clean power generation enterprises and TFP increased by 8% after 2005 10%; (2) On the time trend, the policy effect tends to increase gradually; (3) We compare the differences of TFP between subsidized enterprises and non-subsidized enterprises after 2005 using the “matching difference method” TFPs of subsidized enterprises are found to have risen faster, and their R & D investment has also increased. Therefore, renewable energy policy is considered to promote the clean technology bias in the power generation industry. The conclusion of the article not only has certain enlightenment for judging the role of public policy in changing the bias of environmental technology, but also can provide the theoretical basis for the corresponding environmental policy.