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以向日葵品种“白葵杂6号”为试材,将中性盐NaCl、Na2SO4和碱性盐NaHCO3、Na2CO3按不同比例混合,模拟出单纯盐胁迫和盐碱混合胁迫条件处理向日葵,测定了向日葵幼苗生长及体内各矿质元素含量等指标;在此基础上,从根外矿质离子存在状态及体内矿质营养水平,探讨盐、碱2种胁迫对向日葵矿质离子吸收的影响。结果表明:盐、碱胁迫下向日葵体内矿质元素积累明显不同;盐胁迫下氮、磷、硫、铁等元素的含量非但没下降反而有所升高;而盐碱混合胁迫下,几乎所有矿质营养元素的含量均明显降低;碱胁迫的高pH导致根外环境中矿质离子的活度及游离度急剧降低甚至沉淀,加之根吸收能力的降低,是其表现出营养胁迫的根本原因;碱胁迫对植物所造成的营养破坏效应既是碱胁迫的主要致害因素之一,也是其甚于盐胁迫的主要原因之一。
Taking sunflower variety “Bai Kui 6 ” as test material, the neutral salt NaCl, Na2SO4 and alkaline salt NaHCO3, Na2CO3 were mixed in different proportions to simulate sunflower under the condition of simple salt stress and saline-alkali mixed stress, The growth of sunflower seedlings and the content of mineral elements in the body and other indicators; based on this, from the presence of exogenous mineral ions and mineral nutrient levels in vivo, to explore salt and alkali stress on the sunflower mineral ion absorption. The results showed that the accumulation of mineral elements in sunflower was significantly different under salt and alkali stress. Under salt stress, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur and iron increased not only but not under the salt stress, but almost all the mineral nutrition Elemental content were significantly reduced; alkali-induced high pH caused by the external environment of mineral ions in the activity and the degree of free radical reduction or precipitation, coupled with the reduction of root absorption capacity is the root cause of its nutritional stress; alkali stress on The nutritional damage caused by plants is not only one of the major causative factors of alkali stress, but also one of the main causes of salt stress.