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伏马毒素是由拟轮生镰孢代谢产生的一类真菌毒素,广泛存在于玉米及玉米制品中,污染毒素的玉米食品和饲料常引起人类和动物的疾病。分析不同温度(28℃~32℃)和水活度(aw:0.99-0.95)对拟轮生镰孢生物合成伏马毒素B1(FB1)、B2(FB2)以及FUM1、FUM19和FUM21基因表达的影响。结果表明,拟轮生镰孢在温度为30℃、水活度为0.99条件下生长速率最快,伏马毒素的累积量最大;菌株表现出良好的适应性,在较广泛的条件下产生伏马毒素。基因表达结果表明,FUM1和FUM21在温度32℃、0.95水活度条件下相对表达量最高,FUM19在温度30℃、0.95水活度条件下的相对表达量最高。FUM基因相对表达量最大值与拟轮生镰孢最大产毒能力不一致,反应出伏马毒素的生物合成由一系列基因合成控制。
Fumonisins, a group of mycotoxins metabolized by Fusarium moniliforme, are widespread in corn and maize products, and maize foods and feeds that contaminate toxins often cause diseases in humans and animals. The biosynthesis of Fusarium verticillioides FB1, B2 (FB2) and FUM1, FUM19 and FUM21 genes by Fusarium moniliforme were studied under different temperatures (28 ℃ ~ 32 ℃) and water activity (aw: 0.99-0.95) influences. The results showed that Fusarium pseudotuberculosis had the fastest growth rate and the highest accumulation of fumonisins at a temperature of 30 ℃ and a water activity of 0.99. The strain showed good adaptability and under a wide range of conditions, Horse toxins. The results of gene expression showed that FUM1 and FUM21 had the highest relative expression at the temperature of 32 ℃ and 0.95 water activity, and the highest expression of FUM19 at the temperature of 30 ℃ and 0.95 water activity. The maximum relative expression level of FUM gene was inconsistent with that of Fusarium moniliforme, indicating that the biosynthesis of fumonisins was controlled by a series of genes.