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有色金属矿产开发在促进经济增长的同时,也带来诸多环境问题,在此现状下,如何评估由此造成的生态损失及系统的状态已成为研究的焦点。借助能值分析可衡量和比较不同类别、不同等级能量的真实价值这一特点,研究江西省有色金属矿产开发生态影响问题。对系统2009~2013年的能值总量、投入产出、生态损失进行核算,分析能值效率、生态效率指标变动趋势,并得出符合实际的生态补偿标准的制定依据。经过计算,2009~2013年江西省有色金属矿产开发能值自给率为0.65左右,整体变化幅度较小;能值投资率在0.23~0.31之间波动,处于较低水平;净能值产出率呈现先上升后下降的趋势;环境承载率整体较高,最低为138.01;可持续发展指数非常小,全部在0.02、0.03;生态补偿指数在62%~69%之间小幅波动。说明江西省有色金属矿产开发对当地的不可更新资源的依赖程度较高,虽然生产效率较高,但当前的生产利用活动已超出环境可承受的范围,系统不可持续发展。为改善环境2009~2013年各年应承担的生态补偿额分别为1.45×10~9元、1.49×10~9元、2.06×10~9元、2.59×10~9元、1.82×10~9元。
Non-ferrous metal mineral development also brings about many environmental problems while promoting economic growth. Under this current situation, how to evaluate the ecological loss and the state of the system has become the focus of research. With the help of emergy analysis, we can measure and compare the real value of different classes and different levels of energy to study the ecological impact of non-ferrous mineral development in Jiangxi Province. The total emergy, input-output and ecological loss of the system from 2009 to 2013 are calculated, and the change trend of energy efficiency and eco-efficiency index is analyzed, and the basis for formulating the ecological compensation standard is obtained. After calculation, the emergy self-sufficiency rate of nonferrous metal mining in Jiangxi Province from 2009 to 2013 is about 0.65, and the overall change range is small; the emergy investment rate fluctuates between 0.23 and 0.31, and the output value of net emergy Showing a trend of first rising and then decreasing; the overall environmental carrying rate is relatively high, with a minimum of 138.01; the index of sustainable development is very small, all of which are in the range of 0.02 and 0.03; and the ecological compensation index fluctuates between 62% and 69%. This shows that the development of nonferrous metal resources in Jiangxi Province has a high degree of dependence on the local non-renewable resources. Although the production efficiency is high, the current production and utilization activities have exceeded the range of environmental sustainability and the system is not sustainable. In order to improve the environment, the ecological compensation amount to be borne by each year from 2009 to 2013 are 1.45 × 10 ~ 9yuan, 1.49 × 10 ~ 9yuan, 2.06 × 10 ~ 9yuan, 2.59 × 10 ~ 9yuan and 1.82 × 10 ~ 9 yuan.