《病梅馆记》是晚清资产阶级启蒙思想家龚自珍的一篇政治小品。文章篇幅短小,但容量很大。它借江南梅树的被斫、被删、被锄正、受棕缚而弄得歪斜曲折,毫无生气,来揭露封建统治阶级摧残人才、扼杀生机的罪行。这篇课文最大的特色是:采用了精巧的暗喻方法,表面上句句写梅,没有一句题外话,而实际上却是在写人,是在议政,含义虽隐而实显,言简而意深。教学中要使学生认识课文的这种特色,就必须充分揭示作者所喻之“物”的特征及其含义。对“物”分析得愈具体、愈细致,学生对作者所喻之“人”,所议之“政”的理解就愈清晰。 “Sick Plum Pavilion” is a political sketch of Gong Zizhen, a bourgeois enlightenment thinker in the late Qing Dynasty. The article is short, but it has a large capacity. It used the desecration of the plum trees in the south of the Yangtze River, was deleted, was rectified, and was crooked and twisted with palm-lined, lifeless, to expose the feudal ruling class’s crimes of destroying talent and killing people. The greatest feature of this text is the use of a sophisticated metaphorical approach. On the surface, the sentence is written in plum, not a single topic, but in fact it is writing people. It is in deliberating politics. The meaning of the text is implicit and real, and the text is simple. Meaningful depth. In order to make students understand this feature of the text in teaching, it is necessary to fully reveal the features and meanings of the “object” that the author has described. The more concrete and detailed the analysis of “objects,” the more clearly the students understand the “person” and the “government” of the discussion.