初论碳酸盐岩网络状油气藏--以塔里木盆地轮南奥陶系潜山油气藏为例

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网络状储集空间由被裂缝系统串联起来的孔洞系统构成,多发育在碳酸盐岩之中,所形成的油气藏形态的不规则性和结构的非均质性以及隐蔽性很强,在油气藏形态分类和勘探中,都应作为一种独立的基本类型。提出将其归入不规则油气藏大类,作为与透镜状油气藏并列的单独类型,命名为“网络状油气藏”。概念是:以孔洞-裂缝系统为储渗空间,以四周致密岩层封闭为遮挡条件,形成的彼此独立的网络状不规则油气聚集。以塔里木盆地轮南地区和四川盆地川南的网络状油气藏为例,论述其主要特征是储集空间为多个孔洞-裂缝系统,因而网络状含油储渗体系基本互不连通。勘探这类油气藏要特别重视研究岩溶发育及破裂改造的强度。轮南地区奥陶系潜山的勘探实践表明,评价网络状油气藏并预测其分布,必须采用地质、物探密切结合和多学科综合的技术与方法;在发现了商业性油气流井后,首先进行试采,认识稳产条件,再结合测试数据初步估计含油气范围,用压降法预测该井的可采储量,同时在地质条件相似处进一步钻探、试采,扩大储量,建成产能。对网络状油气藏形成与分布规律的认识和勘探技术的应用,都还有待于进一步完善。图4表2参8(王孝陵摘) Network-like reservoir space is composed of pore systems connected in series by fracture systems and developed in carbonate rocks. The formation of oil and gas reservoirs is characterized by irregular and structural heterogeneity and strong concealment. The classification and exploration of oil and gas reservoirs should all be regarded as an independent basic type. It is proposed to classify it into large irregular oil and gas reservoirs and separate it from the lenticular reservoirs, and name it “network-shaped oil and gas reservoir.” The concept is: the hole - the fracture system for storage and infiltration of space, surrounded by tight formations around the obstruct conditions, the formation of network-independent accumulation of irregular oil and gas. Taking the network-like reservoirs in Lunnan area of ​​Tarim basin and southern Sichuan basin as an example, the main feature of the paper is that the reservoir space is a plurality of pore-fracture systems. Therefore, the network-like oil reservoir system is basically not connected with each other. Exploration of such oil and gas reservoirs should pay special attention to study the intensity of karst development and fracture reconstruction. The exploration practice of Ordovician buried hill in Lunnan area shows that the evaluation of network-like reservoirs and the prediction of their distribution must adopt the close combination of geology and geophysics and multidisciplinary techniques and methods. After the discovery of commercial oil and gas wells, firstly The trial production and understanding of stable production conditions, combined with test data to initially estimate the range of oil and gas, pressure drop method to predict the recoverable reserves of the well, and at the same geological conditions similar to further drilling, trial mining, expanding reserves and built production capacity. The understanding of the formation and distribution of network-like reservoirs and the application of exploration technologies have yet to be further improved. Figure 4 Table 2 Reference 8 (Wang Xiaoling Abstract)
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