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采用高效液相色谱法测定中国对虾肝胰腺、肌肉及鳃中磺胺类药物的含量,磺胺类药物包括磺胺二甲嘧啶(SM2)、磺胺嘧啶(SD)及磺胺对甲氧嘧啶(SMD)。3种磺胺类药物单次口服剂量均为l00 mg/kg,养殖期间水温为(24.6±2.4)℃,比较3种磺胺类药物在中国对虾鳃、肝胰腺及肌肉中的T1/2β、CL、AUC(0—72)和Tmax等各主要参数。SM2在鳃、肝胰腺及肌肉中的T1/2β分别为23.067、34.162和16.559 h;SD在鳃、肝胰腺及肌肉中的T1/2β分别为29.157、34.272和27.929 h;SMD在鳃、肝胰腺及肌肉中的T1/2β分别为47.657、55.271和32.237 h。在同一组织中,SM2的消除速度最快,SD次之,SMD的消除速度最慢。口服同一磺胺类药物,在肌肉中消除速度最快,鳃次之,肝胰腺中的消除速度最慢。SM2在鳃、肝胰腺及肌肉中的CL分别为0.673、0.171和0.464 L/(h·kg);SD在鳃、肝胰腺及肌肉中的CL分别为0.496、0.214和0.463 L/(h·kg);SMD在鳃、肝胰腺及肌肉中的CL分别为0.29、0.082和0.362 L/(h·kg)。所以,同一组织中SMD的清除率最低,同一种磺胺类药物在鳃中清除最快。SM2在鳃、肝胰腺及肌肉中的AUC(0—72)分别为138.476、493.02和206.572 mg/(L·h);SD在鳃、肝胰腺及肌肉中的AUC(0—72)分别为147.919、379.039和186.495 mg/(L·h);SMD在鳃、肝胰腺及肌肉中的AUC(0—72)分别为218.024、629.311和229.819 mg/(L·h)。口服同一种磺胺类药物在肝胰腺中的药物吸收量是最大的,比较同一组织中的3种磺胺类药物的吸收量,SMD较高一些。综上所述,口服3种磺胺类药物,72 h内中国对虾肝胰腺中的药物残留最为严重。本研究为在中国对虾养殖过程中更加科学和合理地使用磺胺类药物提供了参考。
The contents of sulfonamides in hepatopancreas, muscle and gills of Penaeus chinensis were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The sulfonamides include sulfamethazine (SM2), sulfadiazine (SD) and sulfadimethoxine (SMD). The single oral doses of three sulfonamides were l00 mg / kg and the water temperature during the culture was (24.6 ± 2.4) ℃. The T1 / 2β, CL, AUC (0-72) and Tmax and other major parameters. T1 / 2β of SM2 in gill, hepatopancreas and muscle were 23.067, 34.162 and 16.559 h respectively; T1 / 2β in gill, hepatopancreas and muscle of SD were 29.157, 34.272 and 27.929 h respectively; And T1 / 2β in muscle were 47.657, 55.271 and 32.237 h, respectively. In the same organization, SM2 is the fastest elimination, SD second, SMD the slowest elimination. Oral administration of the same sulfa drugs, the elimination of muscle in the fastest, followed by gills, liver and pancreas in the slowest elimination. CL of gill, hepatopancreas and muscle of SM2 were 0.673, 0.71 and 0.464 L / (h · kg), respectively. CL of gill, hepatopancreas and muscle of SD were 0.496, 0.244 and 0.463 L / (h · kg ). The CL of SMD in gill, hepatopancreas and muscle were 0.29,0.082 and 0.362 L / (h · kg), respectively. Therefore, the same organization in the lowest clearance rate of SMD, the same sulfa drugs in the gills in the fastest removal. The AUC (0-72) of SM2 in gills, hepatopancreas and muscle were 138.476, 493.02 and 206.572 mg / (L · h), respectively. The AUC (0-72) of SD in gill, hepatopancreas and muscle were 147.919 , 379.039 and 186.495 mg / (L · h) respectively. The AUC (0-72) of SMD in gill, hepatopancreas and muscle were 218.024, 629.311 and 229.819 mg / (L · h), respectively. Oral administration of the same sulfa drugs in the liver and pancreas in the absorption of drugs is the largest, compared with the same organization in the absorption of three sulfonamides, SMD higher. In summary, oral administration of three sulfonamides, the drug within 72 h of hepatopancreas in Chinese shrimp is the most serious drug residues. This study provides a reference for the more scientific and rational use of sulfonamides in Chinese shrimp farming.