本研究从126876名流调受检人群中筛检出各种先天性畸形66种,1805例,患病率为14.23‰。其分布具有男高于女,青壮年患病率最低,苗汉族较其他民族高,平原高于山区、丘陵,农村高于城镇的特点。本文计算了几种单基因和多基因病的遗传风险,并进行了社会功能评价,发现其中3％的患者社会功能完全丧失。先天性畸形以遗传病为主、多基因病最多,对社会危害大,是影响我国人口素质的主要疾病之一。 In this study, a total of 66 kinds of congenital malformations were screened out from 126,876 people who were subjected to the flow test, including 1805 cases of congenital malformations, with a prevalence of 14.23% o. Its distribution is higher than that of males, the lowest prevalence of young adults, Miao Han than other ethnic groups, the plain is higher than the mountains, hills, rural areas higher than the characteristics of the town. In this paper, we calculated the genetic risk of several single and polygenetic diseases and evaluated the social function. We found that 3% of the patients lost their social functions completely. Congenital malformations with genetic disease-based, multi-genetic diseases most harmful to society, is one of the major diseases affecting the quality of our population.