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及物性是语言中最重要的关系之一,动词是否可以带宾语只是及物性所涉及的诸多要素的一个方面。系统功能语法中的及物性描述整个小句的系统,描写过程的类型、过程和参与者以及参与者的属性之间的关系。我们认为动词的及物性程度(degree of transitivity)是动词本身固有的句法语义属性,不完全是外部因素所赋予的。我们根据上海手语动词的不同类别,分别讨论手势动词的句法语义特征和及物性程度。手语的空间特性表明它与有声语言的及物性有着较大的差异,常常表现为语义上的及物,形式上的不及物。
And physicality is one of the most important relations in language. Whether or not a verb can take an object is just one aspect of the many elements involved in physicality. System function syntax and the physical description of the entire clause of the system, describing the type of process, the process and the participants and the relationship between the attributes of the participants. We think that the verb’s degree of transitivity is the inherent syntactic-semantic attribute of a verb, which is not entirely given by external factors. According to the different categories of Shanghai sign language verbs, we discuss the syntactic and semantic features and the degree of physical properties of the gesture verbs respectively. The spatial characteristics of sign language indicate that it has great differences from the phonological language and its physical properties, often showing semantic things and formal incomings.