自发现肝素具有抗凝血活性以来,被广泛应用于临床预防和治疗血栓形成性疾病,但因其易引起出血及血小板减少并发症,在应用上受到了一定限制。近年来发现低分子量肝素、类肝素有抗血栓形成作用,但很少或无出血及血小板减少并发症,因而这类药物的研究得到了人们的重视并取得了一定成绩,现概述如下。抗凝血活性应用肝素引起出血并发症,与抗凝血活性有密切的关系,而肝素的抗凝血活性主要是通过与抗凝血酶Ⅱ及凝血因子相互作用而实现。药理实验表明,低分子量肝素比普通肝素抗血 Since heparin has been found to have anticoagulant activity, it has been widely used in the clinical prevention and treatment of thrombotic diseases, but its application has limited its application because of its easy to cause bleeding and thrombocytopenic complications. In recent years, low-molecular-weight heparin was found, which has anti-thrombotic effects, but little or no bleeding and thrombocytopenic complications. Therefore, researches on these drugs have gained people’s attention and some achievements are summarized as follows. Anticoagulant activity Heparin is used to cause bleeding complications, which are closely related to anticoagulant activity. The anticoagulant activity of heparin is mainly achieved through the interaction with antithrombin II and coagulation factors. Pharmacological experiments show that low molecular weight heparin than unfractionated heparin anti-blood