本文对泰州学派平民主义思想的概念结构作了重点阐析 ,尤其注意到了贯穿其中的社会反思性要素 ,及在演进过程中出现的各种思想变异。通过这些 ,可以窥视到晚明社会变动在儒学发展历程中留下的复杂印记 ,及理学作为一种较为确定的理论形态在应对底层社会问题时可能运行的边际。 This paper focuses on the conceptual structure of Taiping School’s populism, noting in particular the elements of social reflexivity that permeate it and the various kinds of ideological variations that have taken place in its evolution. Through these, we can peek into the complex imprint left by the social changes of the late Ming in the course of the development of Confucianism and the margin that Neo-Confucianism may operate in dealing with the underlying social problems as a more definite theoretical form.