列夫·托尔斯泰是19世纪俄国现实主义文学的杰出代表,也是世界文学中最伟大的艺术巨匠之一。他一生都是在不倦的探索和艺术创作中度过的。他的思想在一生中经历了巨大的变化。他是19世纪50年代开始进行文学创作活动的,当时他是一个具有民主主义和人道主义精神的优秀贵族青年,而在晚年他变成了宗法制农民的代表。80年代末至90年代初,他的世界观发生了深刻的转变,这导致了他的文学活动性质的重大变化,他的作品显示了现实主义文学的高度,描绘了无与伦比的俄国生活的图画,同时宣扬了他的“不以暴力抗恶”、“道德上自我完善”的托尔斯泰主义。 Leo Tolstoy is an outstanding representative of nineteenth-century Russian realist literature and one of the greatest art masters in world literature. He spent his life tirelessly exploring and artistic creation. His thoughts have undergone tremendous changes throughout his life. He started literary creation in the 1850s when he was an outstanding aristocrat with a democratic and humanitarian spirit, and later in his life he became a representative of patriarchal peasants. The profound transformation of his worldview from the late 1980s to the early 1990s led to major changes in the nature of his literary activity. His work shows the height of realist literature and portrays an unparalleled picture of Russian life while, at the same time, Proclaimed his Tolstoyism “to resist evil by violence” and “to be morally self-construal.”