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为解释育种实践中常出现的相同类型不育系与不同恢复系杂交组合F1代育性恢复有明显差异的现象,笔者通过对同核异质的5个配子体不育系W15A、W20A、W34A、W46A和YA线粒体DNA进行RAPD扩增聚类,不育基因orf(H)79基因及基因间区序列测序,测配F1分析其恢保关系,展示同型细胞质的差异与恢保差异的关系。结果表明,通过RAPD扩增聚类,这5个配子体细胞质雄性不育系在线粒体基因组可聚分为3类,而W34A与其他4个不育系的细胞质亲源关系较远。不育基因及基因间区序列均存在多个差异位点,5个水稻配子体雄性不育细胞质在大部分水稻材料的测恢中,恢保关系一致,而一部分材料的恢保关系差异较大。该研究为新型配子体不育系的选育、组合配制和同核多胞质混合杂交水稻亲本的选择提供一定的理论依据。
In order to explain the obvious differences in the fertility restoration of F1 hybrids of the same type and different restorer lines in breeding practice, the author analyzed the effects of five heterozygous male sterility lines W15A, W20A, W34A, W46A And YA mitochondrial DNA were clustered by RAPD amplification. Sequences of orf (H) 79 genes and intergenic regions were sequenced, and the F1 relationship was analyzed. The relationship between homoplasmic cytoplasm variation and recovery difference was analyzed. The results showed that these 5 gametophytic cytoplasmic male sterile lines could be divided into three groups according to RAPD amplification clustering, while W34A was distantly related to the cytoplasm of the other four sterile lines. There were multiple loci in sterile genes and intergenic regions. The male sterile cytoplasm of five rice gametophytes had the same relationship between restorer and maintainer of most rice materials, but some of them had great differences in restoring and preserving relationships. This study provides a theoretical basis for the breeding of new gametophyte CMS lines, the combination formulation and the selection of the parents of polyploidy hybrid rice with the same nucleus.