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目的观察Math1基因内耳导入对噪声性聋豚鼠听功能的影响,探讨Math1基因过表达对噪声损伤耳蜗的生物学效应,为内耳基因治疗提供实验基础和理论依据。方法经脉冲噪声致聋的豚鼠45只(各频率ABR阈值均≥95dB SPL),雌雄不限,实验开始时体重250～300g。随机分为3组:Ad-Math1-EGFP组(30只);Ad-EGFP组(5只);空白组(10只)。各组豚鼠在基因转导后4周、8周分别测试双耳ABR。测试完毕后处死动物,观察听泡及耳蜗无炎性病变者记录听阈结果。结果Math1导入后4周,导入耳各频率ABR阈值低于对照耳(右耳),也低于Ad-EGFP组及空白组,平均达到85dB SPL。Math1导入后8周,导入耳各频率ABR阈值低于对照耳(右耳),也低于Ad-EGFP组及空白组,与4周时比较,进一步好转,平均达到75dB SPL。结论Math1基因内耳导入可使噪声导致全聋的豚鼠听功能部分恢复,为噪声性聋的治疗打开了新的思路和手段。
Objective To observe the effect of introduction of inner ear of Math1 gene on the auditory function of guinea pigs with noise-induced deafness, and to explore the biological effect of Math1 gene overexpression on noise-damaged cochlea and to provide experimental basis and theoretical basis for inner ear gene therapy. Methods Forty-five guinea pigs with deafness impulse noise (ABR threshold ≥95dB SPL at each frequency) were male and female. The body weight was 250-300g at the beginning of the experiment. The rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: Ad-Math1-EGFP group (n = 30), Ad-EGFP group (n = 5) and blank group (n = 10). Each group of guinea pigs were tested for binaural ABR at 4 and 8 weeks after gene transduction. Animals were sacrificed after the test to observe the hearing bubble and cochlear no inflammatory lesions record hearing threshold results. RESULTS: Four weeks after the introduction of Math1, the ABR threshold of each ear was lower than that of the control ear (right ear) and lower than that of the Ad-EGFP group and the blank group with an average of 85 dB SPL. Eight weeks after the introduction of Math1, the ABR threshold of each ear was lower than that of the control ear (right ear) and lower than that of the Ad-EGFP group and the blank group. The ABR threshold was further improved with an average of 75 dB SPL at 4 weeks. Conclusion The introduction of the inner ear of Math1 gene can restore the auditory function of the deaf guinea pig caused by noise, which opens up new ideas and methods for the treatment of noise-induced deafness.