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苹果(Malus×domestica Borkh.)果实贮藏期的长短直接决定着其采后的经济价值,其与果实在室温下的软化率有直接的关系。乙烯能够调控苹果成熟和软化过程,因此,苹果果实软化和乙烯之间的关系得到了广泛的研究。ACC合成酶(1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸合成酶,ACS)是植物乙烯合成中的关键酶,通过检索苹果全基因组序列,共发现20个ACC合成酶(ACS)基因,其中MdACS1和MdACS3已经被证明与苹果果实成熟有着直接关系,并在不同的时空点调控果实成熟过程。对ACS基因调控苹果果实成熟过程的最新研究进展进行了综述,并提出了ACS基因调控苹果果实成熟和乙烯合成的分子模型,同时也对本领域今后的研究方向作了展望。
The storage period of Malus × domestica Borkh. Directly determines the economic value of its harvest, which is directly related to the softening rate of fruits at room temperature. Ethylene can regulate the maturation and softening of apples, so the relationship between apple softening and ethylene has been extensively studied. ACC synthase (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase, ACS) is the key enzyme in plant ethylene synthesis. By searching the whole apple genome sequence, 20 ACC synthase (ACS) genes were found, among which MdACS1 and MdACS3 has been shown to have a direct relationship with apple fruit ripening and to regulate fruit maturation at different points in time and space. The recent progress in ACS gene regulation of apple fruit ripening was reviewed. A molecular model of ACS gene regulation of apple fruit ripening and ethylene synthesis was also proposed. The future research directions in this field were also prospected.