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以2004—2014年东北老工业基地23个地级城市面板数据为样本,运用DEA-Malmquist模型测度了东北老工业基地生态效率变化,并结合Tobit模型计量分析影响生态效率的因素。结果表明:2004—2014年东北老工业基地生态效率普遍偏低且呈下降趋势;辽宁省波幅较大,吉林省相对最好,黑龙江省近年改善势头较好;东北老工业基地的人口密度、人均GDP、产业结构、环境规制对生态效率具有促进作用,对外开放度和科技水平则阻碍了生态效率的提高,上述影响因素也是东北老工业基地生态效率区域差异形成的重要原因。
Taking the panel data of 23 prefecture-level cities in northeast old industrial base from 2004 to 2014 as samples, the DEA-Malmquist model was used to measure the ecological efficiency of northeast old industrial base. Tobit model was used to measure and analyze the factors influencing eco-efficiency. The results show that: the ecological efficiency of the northeast old industrial base in 2004-2014 is generally low and declining; the amplitude of Liaoning Province is relatively high, while that of Jilin Province is the best, while the improvement of Heilongjiang Province is better in recent years; the population density of the northeast old industrial base, GDP, industrial structure and environmental regulation have a positive effect on eco-efficiency, and the degree of opening up to the outside world and science and technology have hindered the improvement of eco-efficiency. The above-mentioned factors are also important reasons for the regional differences in eco-efficiency of old industrial bases in Northeast China.