一、民俗规范的本体考察中国民间的传统习俗中——例如婚嫁、节庆、丧葬等,有一整套系统的、模式化的规范在或隐或显地支配着人们的行为,调整着人们的民间交往关系。我们不必求教于民俗专家,也不必从故纸堆中寻找根据,只要借助于经验观察、向民间的现实求教,即可得出上述结论。民间习俗规范及其规则(符号)系统在官方正式的法律规范之外,规范着民间的日常生活。例如,每一个结过婚的人或者参见过别人婚礼的人都能体验到婚礼规范的存在,也会感受到婚礼规范的独特的规范乃至强制作用。我们可能无法考证某些规范的起源及其流变,但是毫无疑问的是,人们在社会交往过程中却时时刻刻在遵循着这些民间规范。从文化的角度来看,这些民间规范是先人留给我们的文化遗产,是传统的一部分。美国学者霍贝尔认为:“一个人的社会,即是一群文化活动的人的组合……在人类社会中,人的 First, the study of ontology of folk norms Traditional Chinese folk customs - such as marriage, festivals, funerals and so on, a set of systematic and standardized norms or implicit or explicit dominate people’s behavior, adjust people’s private contacts relationship. We do not have to ask for advice from folklore experts, nor do we have to find a basis from the pile of paper, so long as we seek help from the reality of the people by means of empirical observation, we can conclude that conclusion. Folk custom norms and rules (symbols) system in the official legal norms, regulate the daily life of the people. For example, every married person or person who has seen someone else’s wedding can experience the existence of the norms of the wedding, but also the unique norms and even mandatory roles of the norms of the wedding. We may not be able to examine the origins and the evolution of certain norms, but there is no doubt that people are always following these norms in the course of social interaction. From a cultural point of view, these nongovernmental norms are the cultural heritage our ancestors left behind and are part of the tradition. According to the American scholar Hopper, ”a person’s society, that is, a group of people who have cultural activities ... In human society, people