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关于过去的物质性存在和最近人文科学中兴起的“回到物本身”(return to things)的思潮是讨论的主题。这种对物本身的兴趣的重现,标志着对建构主义和文本主义的扬弃,而对何为“真实”以及对在何处“重新获得”客体的追求被认为是与现实重建联系的方法。在这种转变的背景下,为了使过去(the past)的研究重新概念化,我们希望重新考察(从存在论上)过去的遗迹的状况和它们在调节有机与无机、人与物以及事物之间的关系中的作用。我认为未来依赖于,对过去感兴趣的学者是否能够正确地修正他们对于过去遗迹的理解,如物和人类、动物及植物的遗留物。在讨论过程中,我将参考海德格尔关于客体对象和事物之间区别的观点,布鲁诺.拉图尔关于物的作用和面向客体对象的民主(object-oriented democracy)的观点,以及唐.伊德的质料诠释学的观点。为了证明我的观点,我将集中用几个在阿根廷失踪的人(已逝或健在)的例子,说明其否定了存在与缺失的对立。失踪的人是他自身过去的一个范式,他既与现在相连,又不相连;既共时,又不共时。因为没有合适的术语来分析存在—缺失(present-absent)二分的矛盾对立性,我力图在二元对立的模式外寻找它们,这个模式在我们对过去(the past)的思考中常用来对存在—缺失的关系作概念化处理。为此,我借用A.G.格雷马斯的符号矩阵的理论。
The topic of “past to substance” (return to things) is the subject of discussion on the past materialistic existence and the recent rise in the humanities. This renewed interest in the thing itself marks the sublation of constructivism and textualism, and the quest for what is “real” and where the object of “regaining” is considered to be reality Rebuild the way to contact. In the context of this transformation, in order to re-conceptualize the past studies, we wish to revisit (from the ontological) past relics and their role in regulating organic and inorganic, human beings, and things The role of the relationship. I think the future depends on whether scholars of past interest can properly correct their understanding of the past relics, such as remnants of objects and humans, animals and plants. In the course of the discussion, I will refer to Heidegger’s point of view on the distinction between objects and objects, Bruno Latour’s perspective on objects and object-oriented democracy, German material hermeneutics point of view. To prove my point, I will focus on the example of negating the existence and the absence of several people who have disappeared in Argentina (being dead or alive). The missing man is a paradigm of his own past, both connected and unconnected; not only in synchronicity, but also in synchronicity. Without the proper terminology to analyze the paradoxical opposition of the present-absent dichotomy, I sought to find them outside the binary oppositional paradigm that is commonly used in our thinking of the past - The missing relationship is conceptualized. To this end, I borrow the theory of the symbolic matrix of A.G. Greimas.