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关于国有企业亏损的原因目前有许多看法。有人认为亏损的主要原因是企业内部经营管理不善造成的,而实施财会“两则”后又加重了企业困难。也有人认为除上述原因外,还有政策性亏损、结构性亏损、税负过重、原材料价格上涨、债务负担过重、设备老化、人员过多、流动资金短缺等原因。还有人说,造成国有企业困难加重、长期大面积亏损的原因是长期以来国家对国有企业实行“只取不予”的政策,或者说是政府“竭泽而渔”的短期行为造成的。
There are many opinions on the reasons for the loss of state-owned enterprises. Some people think that the main cause of the loss is caused by the internal management of the company, and the implementation of the “two” then added to the difficulties of the enterprise. Some people think that in addition to the above reasons, there are policy-related losses, structural losses, excessive tax burden, rising raw material prices, excessive debt burden, aging equipment, excessive personnel, and shortage of working capital. Others said that the reason for the increased difficulty of SOEs and the long-term large-scale losses is that the state has long implemented the policy of “doing nothing” against state-owned enterprises, or the short-term behavior of the government “doing nothing but fishing”.